Recent Progress in Hot Spot Regulated Strategies for Catalysts Applied in Li–CO₂ Batteries

Abstract

As a high energy density power system, lithium–carbon dioxide (Li–CO2) batteries play an important role in addressing the fossil fuel crisis issues and alleviating the greenhouse effect. However, the sluggish transformation kinetic of CO2 and the difficult decomposition of discharge products impede the achievement of large capacity, small overpotential, and long life span of the batteries, which require exploring efficient catalysts to resolve these problems. In this review, the main focus is on the hot spot regulation strategies of the catalysts, which include the modulation of the active sites, the designing of microstructure, and the construction of composition. The recent progress of promising catalysis with hot spot regulated strategies is systematically addressed. Critical challenges are also presented and perspectives to provide useful guidance for the rational design of highly efficient catalysts for practical advanced Li–CO2 batteries are proposed.

Three‐Phase‐Heterojunction Cu/Cu2O–Sb2O3 Catalyst Enables Efficient CO2 Electroreduction to CO and High‐Performance Aqueous Zn–CO2 Battery

“…However, despite great progress, these metal–CO 2 batteries (such as Li–CO 2 and Na–CO 2 batteries) continue to suffer from poor safety and high cost. [ 5 ] In contrast, the aqueous Zn–CO 2 batteries (ZCBs) achieve flexible CO 2 electrochemistry and energy storage based on a proton‐coupled electron transfer mechanism. [ 6 ] The aqueous ZCBs can not only catalyze the transformation of CO 2 into value‐added chemicals such as CO and HCOOH but also mitigate the accumulation of solid products resulting in a durable cycle life.…”