Recent progress and challenges facing ballast water treatment – A review

Sayinli, Burcu; Dong, Yujiao; Park, Yuri; Bhatnagar, Amit

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132776

Cited by 64 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…Approximately 10 billion tons of ballast water is discharged annually into the marine environment since ships transport 80% of the globally traded goods and merchandise [1,2]. Ballast tanks were reported to contain a minimum of 7000 various species that were transported worldwide daily according to the International Maritime Organization (IMO) [1,2]. The organisms (e.g., zooplankton, bacteria, dinoflagellates, larvae, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in ballast water were shown to survive during transportation [3][4][5]. The ballast water discharge affects the marine environment, ecology, economy, and human health since ballast water carries invasive species along with pathogens to aquatic organisms and humans [1,2]. IMO adopted the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments (BWM Convention) in 2004 to introduce global regulations to control the transfer of potentially invasive species [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under the Convention, new ships built on or after 8 September 2017 must meet the D-2 standard while all ships must meet the standard by 8 September 2024. The D-2 standard specifies the maximum concentration of viable organisms allowed to be discharged, including specified indicator microorganisms (e.g., <250 CFU E. coli/100 mL; <1 CFU Vibrio cholera/100 mL) [2,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various technologies were employed to inactivate and disinfect aquatic organisms and microbes in ballast water [1,2,[7][8][9][10]: ultraviolet radiation, biocide application, sonication, filtration, ozone treatment, and chemical method. Currently, these methods have limitations such as toxic by-product formation, large space requirement, high energy consumption, low treatment efficiency, and chemical storage requirement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrochemical disinfection uses suitable electrode materials to create a direct current (DC) electric field that flows the water and inactivates microorganisms. It has numerous advantages such as easy operation and installation, simple instruments, and high treatment efficiency [2,[13][14][15]. In addition, electrochemical disinfection has a small energy requirement, which makes it cost-effective and environmentally compatible that could be sustained using fuel cells or solar cells [2,[13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Disinfection of Simulated Ballast Water Using RuO2-TiO2/Ti Electrode

Annamalai

Futalan

Ahn

2022

IJERPH

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The present work investigated the treatment of ballast water via electrochemical disinfection using a RuO2-TiO2/Ti electrode. Batch tests were conducted with simulated ballast water containing Escherichia coli as an indicator organism. The effect of varying NaCl concentrations (1%, 2%, and 3%; w/v) and current densities (0.3, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mA/cm2) on the inactivation of E. coli was examined. Results showed higher disinfection efficiency of E. coli was obtained at higher NaCl concentration and current density. Complete inactivation of E. coli was attained within 2 and 1 min at 0.3 and 1 mA/cm2, respectively, under 3% NaCl concentration. Meanwhile, complete disinfection at 1 and 2% NaCl concentrations was observed in 6 and 2 min, respectively, using a current density of 0.3 mA/cm2. The 100% inactivation of E. coli was achieved with an energy consumption in the range of 2.8 to 2.9 Wh/m3 under the NaCl concentrations at 1 mA/cm2 and 1 min of electrolysis time. The complete disinfection attained within 1 min meets the D-2 standard (<250 CFU E. coli/100 mL) of ballast water under the International Maritime Organization. The values of energy consumption of the present work are lower than previous reports on the inactivation of E. coli from simulated ballast water.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Electrochemical Disinfection of Simulated Ballast Water Using RuO2-TiO2/Ti Electrode

Annamalai

Futalan

Ahn

2022

IJERPH

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Disinfection efficacy of slightly acidic electrolyzed water on marine plankton

Kurahashi,

Suzuki,

Naka

2023

Applied Research

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Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) is a highly safe sterilizing water that consists of an aqueous solution of hypochlorous acid (HOCl). It exhibits high sterilizing power even at low concentrations of HOCl. In this study, we evaluated the effect of SAEW on marine plankton to understand its impact on marine environments and consider its possible application on ballast water treatment or aquaculture. Experiments conducted on plankton communities obtained from Tokyo Bay showed an approximately 65% reduction in the S‐size plankton population (≥10 μm and <50 μm) at an available chlorine concentration of 0.5 mg/L, whereas an approximately 50% reduction of the L‐size plankton population (≥50 μm) was observed at an available chlorine concentration of 2 mg/L. We also verified the sterilization effect of SAEW against two types of single‐species plankton: Chaetoceros densum as S‐size plankton and Tigriopus japonicus as L‐size plankton. Results showed 100% population decrease for C. densum and T. japonicus at available chlorine concentrations of 3.5 mg/L and 11 mg/L, respectively.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Ballast water treatment by ozone nanobubbles

Σερίδου

Kotzia

Katris

et al. 2023

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUNDThe uncontrolled discharge of untreated ballast water, which is essential for a ship's optimal operation, is one of the major causes of sea environmental pollution by shipping. Among the disinfection methods available for ballast water treatment, ozonation is a commonly used method, but its performance is limited by the rapid ozone auto‐decomposition rate. Nanobubbles (NBs) technology has attracted much scientific interest as it is characterized by a long residence time in the aqueous phase and a high surface area; therefore, ozone nanobubbles (OzNBs) are expected to enhance disinfection capacity and residual activity. The present study was designed to provide further insight into the inactivation of heterotrophic bacteria in saline water and to examine the use of OzNBs for disinfection of saline water.RESULTSThe survival rate of Escherichia coli (E. coli), which was used as indicator microorganism, along with the ozone consumption at different salinities (1.5, 4, 8 and 15 PSU) and bacterial concentrations (107, 106, and 105 CFU mL−1) with and without supplementation of OzNBs were investigated. The results indicated a statistical difference in the residual concentration of total residual oxidants (TRO) with the presence of OzNBs at salinity level 1.5 PSU and at 4 PSU only at the lowest bacterial content. At a low salinity and high bacterial concentration, the concentration of TRO was 6‐fold higher in the presence of OzNBs.CONCLUSIONThe salinity of water has a strong impact on the residual concentration of ozone. When salinity is increased, ozone reacts more rapidly with the bromide and chloride ions. The use of OzNBs exhibited a greater disinfection performance and higher residual activity. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

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Recent progress and challenges facing ballast water treatment – A review

Cited by 64 publications

References 168 publications

Electrochemical Disinfection of Simulated Ballast Water Using RuO2-TiO2/Ti Electrode

Electrochemical Disinfection of Simulated Ballast Water Using RuO2-TiO2/Ti Electrode

Disinfection efficacy of slightly acidic electrolyzed water on marine plankton

Ballast water treatment by ozone nanobubbles

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