Recent Potential Noninvasive Biomarkers in Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Wang, Kewei; Tao, Guo–Zhong; Sun, Zhongjie; Sylvester, Karl G.

doi:10.1155/2019/8413698

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…Existing evidence supports a dominant role for microbial dysbiosis in NEC pathogenesis (18,19,21,(30)(31)(32), while experimental studies showed that germ-free animals do not develop NEC (26). Clinical studies demonstrated significant differences in gut microbiota composition between low birth weight and normal birth weight infants as well as between infants with and without NEC (33,34). Moreover, a systematic review suggested that alterations in intestinal microbiota by means of decreased firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and increased proteobacteria precede the onset of NEC (35).…”

Section: Pathophysiology and Current Diagnosis Of Necrotizing Enterocmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging Biomarkers for Prediction and Early Diagnosis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in the Era of Metabolomics and Proteomics

et al. 2020

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Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is a catastrophic disease affecting predominantly premature infants and is characterized by high mortality and serious long-term consequences. Traditionally, diagnosis of NEC is based on clinical and radiological findings, which, however, are non-specific for NEC, thus confusing differential diagnosis of other conditions such as neonatal sepsis and spontaneous intestinal perforation. In addition, by the time clinical and radiological findings become apparent, NEC has already progressed to an advanced stage. During the last three decades, a lot of research has focused on the discovery of biomarkers, which could accurately predict and make an early diagnosis of NEC. Biomarkers used thus far in clinical practice include acute phase proteins, inflammation mediators, and molecules involved in the immune response. However, none has been proven accurate enough to predict and make an early diagnosis of NEC or discriminate clinical from surgical NEC or other non-NEC gastrointestinal diseases. Complexity of mechanisms involved in NEC pathogenesis, which remains largely poorly elucidated, could partly explain the unsatisfactory diagnostic performance of the existing NEC biomarkers. More recently applied technics can provide important insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying NEC but can also aid the detection of potentially predictive, early diagnostic, and prognostic biomarkers. Progress in omics technology has allowed for the simultaneous measurement of a large number of proteins, metabolic products, lipids, and genes, using serum/plasma, urine, feces, tissues, and other biological specimens. This review is an update of current data on emerging NEC biomarkers detected using proteomics and metabolomics, further discussing limitations and future perspectives in prediction and early diagnosis of NEC.

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Section: Pathophysiology and Current Diagnosis Of Necrotizing Enterocmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Excellent review articles on conventional and emerging biomarkers for NEC diagnosis that have been published are recommended for readers interested in more details (34,60,62,74).…”

Section: Most Promising Biomarkers For Necmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Biomarkers for Prediction and Early Diagnosis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in the Era of Metabolomics and Proteomics

et al. 2020

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“…Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a rare but devastating GI disease that predominately affects preterm neonates [ 108 ]. The pathogenesis of NEC is incompletely understood and appears to be multifactorial.…”

Section: Necroptosis and Intestinal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Necroptosis in Intestinal Inflammation and Cancer: New Concepts and Therapeutic Perspectives

et al. 2020

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Necroptosis is a caspases-independent programmed cell death displaying intermediate features between necrosis and apoptosis. Albeit some physiological roles during embryonic development such tissue homeostasis and innate immune response are documented, necroptosis is mainly considered a pro-inflammatory cell death. Key actors of necroptosis are the receptor-interacting-protein-kinases, RIPK1 and RIPK3, and their target, the mixed-lineage-kinase-domain-like protein, MLKL. The intestinal epithelium has one of the highest rates of cellular turnover in a process that is tightly regulated. Altered necroptosis at the intestinal epithelium leads to uncontrolled microbial translocation and deleterious inflammation. Indeed, necroptosis plays a role in many disease conditions and inhibiting necroptosis is currently considered a promising therapeutic strategy. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms of necroptosis as well as its involvement in human diseases. We also discuss the present developing therapies that target necroptosis machinery.

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“…Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a rare but devastating gastrointestinal disease that predominately affects preterm neonates [103]. The pathogenesis of NEC is incompletely understood and appears to be multifactorial.…”

Section: Necrotizing Enterocolitis (Nec)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Necroptosis in Intestinal Inflammation and Cancer: New Concepts and Therapeutic Perspectives

Negroni

Colantoni²,

Cucchiara³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Necroptosis is a caspases-independent form of programmed cell death exhibiting intermediate features between necrosis and apoptosis. Albeit some physiological roles during embryonic development, tissue homeostasis and innate immune response are documented, necroptosis is mainly considered a pro-inflammatory cell death. Key actors of necroptosis are the receptor-interacting-protein-kinases, RIPK1 and RIPK3, and their target, the mixed-lineage-kinase-domain-like protein, MLKL. The intestinal epithelium has one of the highest rates of cellular turnover in a process that is tightly regulated. Altered necroptosis at the intestinal epithelium leads to uncontrolled microbial translocation and deleterious inflammation. Indeed, necroptosis has been associated to chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer. Drugs that inhibit necroptosis could, therefore, be used therapeutically for the treatment of these diseases, and researches to develop such inhibitors are already underway. In this Review, we outline pathways for necroptosis and its role in chronic inflammation and cancer. We also discuss current and developing therapies that target necroptosis machinery.

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Recent Potential Noninvasive Biomarkers in Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Cited by 23 publications

References 64 publications

Emerging Biomarkers for Prediction and Early Diagnosis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in the Era of Metabolomics and Proteomics

Emerging Biomarkers for Prediction and Early Diagnosis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in the Era of Metabolomics and Proteomics

Necroptosis in Intestinal Inflammation and Cancer: New Concepts and Therapeutic Perspectives

Necroptosis in Intestinal Inflammation and Cancer: New Concepts and Therapeutic Perspectives

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