Recent Possibilities for the Diagnosis and Pharmacological Control of Pregnancy Loss in Dairy Cow

Szenci, O.

doi:10.17265/1934-7391/2015.04.005

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…These findings suggest that P4 supplementation between days 5-9 after AI has a more positive effect on maternal recognition of pregnancy than P4 treatments in the latter period (Mann et al, 2006). Several methods are available for P4 supplementation during early pregnancy in dairy cows, and treatment with hCG is one that has received notable attention (recently reviewed by Szenci, 2015). An increase of endogenous P4 concentrations after hCG treatment was reported by several authors (Schmitt et al, 1996a;Santos et al, 2001;Stevenson et al, 2007;Stevenson and Pulley, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Progesterone concentration, pregnancy and calving rate in Simmental dairy cows after oestrus synchronisation and hCG treatment during the early luteal phase

Šuluburić¹,

Milanović

Vranješ-Đurić

et al. 2017

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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Early embryonic development may be negatively affected by insufficient progesterone (P4) production. Therefore, the aim of our study was to increase P4 by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and/or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) treatments after inducing oestrus by prostaglandin (PG) treatment. Lactating Simmental dairy cows (n = 110), between 1 to 5 lactations, with an average milk production of 6,500 1/305 days, at 40-80 days postpartum were used and grouped as follows: (1) PG + GnRH treatment at AI (GnRH group), (2) PG + hCG treatment at day 7 after AI (hCG group), (3) PG + GnRH at AI + hCG treatment at day 7 after AI (GnRH/hCG group), and (4) spontaneous oestrus (C: control group). All animals were double inseminated (at the time of oestrus detection and 12 ± 2 h thereafter). Blood serum and milk samples were collected at the day of observed oestrus (day 0), and 14, 21 and 28 days after AI. Serum P4 was determined using a commercial radioimmunoassay (RIA) test (INEP, Zemun), and milk P4 was determined using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) test (NIV Novi Sad). Pregnancy status was confirmed by ultrasonography between days 28 and 35 after AI. Differences of serum or milk P4 medians, pregnancy (and calving) rate were determined using Dunn's Multiple Comparison Tests and Z test, respectively. Serum P4 medians were significantly higher at days 14, 21 and 28 after AI in the hCG-treated animals, indicating increased luteal activity, with a similar tendency in whole milk P4 values. Treatment with hCG during the early luteal phase significantly contributed to the maintenance of gestation at days 28-35 after AI, and also increased the calving rate in Simmental dairy cows.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Progesterone concentration, pregnancy and calving rate in Simmental dairy cows after oestrus synchronisation and hCG treatment during the early luteal phase

Šuluburić¹,

Milanović

Vranješ-Đurić

et al. 2017

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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“…Earlier studies (López-Gatius et al, 2002;Bech-Sábat et al, 2009) and a recent review (Szenci, 2015) recommend to induce a secondary CL by pharmacological treatments to maintain pregnancy in the early stage of gestation. Surprisingly, more losses occurred for singleton pregnancies with two CL than for those having one CL in the first two months of gestation, while there was no difference between them until calving.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy and stillbirth losses in dairy cows with singleton and twin pregnancies

Szelényi

Győri

Boldizsár

et al. 2019

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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The aim of this study was to examine the effect of twin pregnancy, fetal laterality, the number of corpora lutea (CL) and cavitary CL on pregnancy losses in Holstein-Friesian cows with a positive pregnancy diagnosis based on ultrasonography between days 29–42 after AI. Pregnancy was confirmed by transrectal palpation between days 57–70 after AI and at the time of drying-off as well. Twin pregnancy rate was 8.4% at the time of the early pregnancy examination. Pregnancy loss did not differ between singleton- and twin-carrying animals either between days 57–70 of gestation or at drying-off. More losses occurred in singletons between days 29–42 and 57–70 in cows with cavitary than in cows with noncavitary CL (12.1% vs. 3.6%; P < 0.05) and in cows with double CL than in cows with single CL (7.3% vs. 3.6% %; P < 0.05). Between days 57–70 of gestation and drying-off this difference was still significant (20.7% vs. 3.7%; P < 0.001), while it was non-significant between cows with one CL (5.7%) vs. double CL (3.7%). Cavity occurrence was not affected by hormone therapy prior to AI (either PGF2α or OvSynch; 4.4% vs. 5.4%, respectively); however, the number of CL was reduced by the treatments (11.6 vs. 19.6%; P < 0.0005). In twin pregnancies there was no difference in the pregnancy losses between bilateral and unilateral pregnancies at any time point. The length of gestation was 278.2 ± 10.5 (singleton) and 267.4 ± 31.2 (twin) days, respectively (P < 0.01). The stillbirth ratio was higher in twin carriers than in singleton carriers (19.5% vs. 5.3%; P < 0.001).

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“…The primary pregnancy diagnoses must be confirmed later [ 20 , 56 , 61 ] to achieve reliability and to manage herd health issues. This confirmation is usually performed around day 60 of pregnancy when placentation is completed [ 24 ].…”

Section: The Effect Of Twin Pregnancy On Pregnancy Losses Under Practical Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical Aspects of Twin Pregnancy Diagnosis in Cattle

Szelényi

Szenci

Kovács

et al. 2021

Animals

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Twin pregnancies are an economically unwanted phenomenon in dairy cattle, not only because they increase pregnancy losses, but also because antibiotics usage and culling rate of the dam are also dramatically increased due to them, furthermore animal welfare issues are also affected through them. In cattle, under field conditions using an early pregnancy determination tool, the first accurate diagnosis from the pregnancy status is available from around day 28, although further confirmations of pregnancy are required. Twin pregnancy diagnosis is available either by rectal palpation or ultrasonography. The measurement of pregnancy specific proteins are also available to determine gestation, but there is still a long way to go to properly identify twin pregnancies. In this commentary, we compared our own results with the literature data in this field with a special emphasis on the clinical practices.

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Recent Possibilities for the Diagnosis and Pharmacological Control of Pregnancy Loss in Dairy Cow

Cited by 3 publications

References 67 publications

Progesterone concentration, pregnancy and calving rate in Simmental dairy cows after oestrus synchronisation and hCG treatment during the early luteal phase

Progesterone concentration, pregnancy and calving rate in Simmental dairy cows after oestrus synchronisation and hCG treatment during the early luteal phase

Pregnancy and stillbirth losses in dairy cows with singleton and twin pregnancies

Practical Aspects of Twin Pregnancy Diagnosis in Cattle

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