Recent particulate organic carbon and total suspended matter fluxes from the Ob and Yenisei Rivers into the Kara Sea (Siberia)

Gebhardt, Catalina; Gaye-Haake, Birgit; Unger, Daniela; Lahajnar, Niko; Ittekkot, V.

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2004.03.010

Cited by 141 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A recent calculation of TSM and particulate organic carbon (POC) fluxes at the river mouths suggests a TSM discharge by the Yenisei (5 Â 10 6 t sediment a À1 ) comparable to the above earlier estimate from Igarka indicating that the lower Yenisei is mainly a by-pass system (Gebhardt et al, 2004). The Ob discharge reaching the Kara Sea (3.76 Â 10 6 t a À1 ) appears to be only about one-fourth of the amount discharged at Salekhard, which may be due to deposition in the Ob Bay (Gebhardt et al, 2004). Flood events occurring about every 10 years (Bobrovitskaya et al, 1996) may, however, periodically transport this material to the Kara Sea (Gebhardt et al, 2004).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 61%

“…The Ob discharge reaching the Kara Sea (3.76 Â 10 6 t a À1 ) appears to be only about one-fourth of the amount discharged at Salekhard, which may be due to deposition in the Ob Bay (Gebhardt et al, 2004). Flood events occurring about every 10 years (Bobrovitskaya et al, 1996) may, however, periodically transport this material to the Kara Sea (Gebhardt et al, 2004). Most of the TSM and organic matter reaching the Kara Sea is deposited as a thick sediment package extending from the estuaries to about 741N (Dittmers et al, 2003).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 94%

“…All numbers are in g C m À2 a À1 when not indicated differently; all percentages indicate marine organic matter as proportions of mean primary productivity. Number for mean PP is from Vinogradov et al (2000); the amount of terrestrial organic matter is taken from Gebhardt et al (2004); respiration in the water column has been estimated from marine organic matter accumulation in traps. Note that the bar scales are different for traps and sediments.…”

Section: The Season Of Main River Discharge In June Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Particulate matter fluxes in the southern and central Kara Sea compared to sediments: Bulk fluxes, amino acids, stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, sterols and fatty acids

Gaye

Fahl

Kodina

et al. 2007

Continental Shelf Research

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The Kara Sea is one of the arctic marginal seas strongly influenced by fresh water and river suspension. The highly seasonal discharge by the two major rivers Yenisei and Ob induces seasonal changes in hydrography, sea surface temperature, ice cover, primary production and sedimentation. In order to obtain a seasonal pattern of sedimentation in the Kara Sea, sediment traps were deployed near the river mouth of the Yenisei (Yen) as well as in the central Kara Sea (Kara) within the framework of the German-Russian project ''Siberian River run-off; SIRRO''. Two and a half years of time-series flux data were obtained between September 2000 and April 2003 and were analyzed for bulk components, amino acids, stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes as well as sterols and fatty acids.Sediment trap data show that much of the annual deposition occurred under ice cover, possibly enhanced by zooplanktonic activity and sediment resuspension. An early bloom of ice-associated algae in April/May occurred in the polynya area and may have been very important to sustain the life cycles of higher organisms after the light limitation of the winter months due to no/low insolation and ice cover. The strong river input dominated the months June-August in the southern part of the Kara Sea. The central Kara Sea had a much shorter productive period starting in August and was less affected by the river plumes. Despite different time-scales of sampling and trapping biases, total annual fluxes from traps were in the same order of magnitude as accumulation rates in surface sediments. Terrestrial organic carbon accumulation decreased from 10.7 to 0.3 g C m À2 a À1 from the riverine source to the central Kara Sea. Parallel to this, preservation of marine organic matter decreased from 10% to 2% of primary productivity which was probably related to decreasing rates of sedimentation. r

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: The Season Of Main River Discharge In June Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Particulate matter fluxes in the southern and central Kara Sea compared to sediments: Bulk fluxes, amino acids, stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, sterols and fatty acids

Gaye

Fahl

Kodina

et al. 2007

Continental Shelf Research

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“…These values are higher than the SPM concentrations in the mouth of Keret' River flowing to the White Sea in the northern part of the Karelian coast, in September 2000 (Dolotov et al, 2002b), but lower than in estuaries of large Siberian rivers during the same season (Shevchenko et al, 1996;Lukashin et al, 1999;Rachold and Hubberten, 1999;Lisitsyn et al, 2000;Gebhardt et al, 2004). Such low SPM concentrations in the Kem' River mouth could be the result of a low weathering rate of hard crystalline rocks in the catchment area of the Kem' (Sviridenko, 1980;Volodichev, 1990).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Biogeochemistry of the Kem' River estuary, White Sea (Russia)

Шевченко

Dolotov

Filatov

et al. 2005

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The biogeochemistry of the river-sea interface was studied in the Kem' River (the largest river flowing to the White Sea from Karelian coast) estuary and adjacent area of the White Sea onboard the RV "Ekolog" in summer 2001, 2002 and 2003. The study area can be divided into 3 zones: I -the estuary itself, with water depth from 1 to 5 m and low salinity in the surface layer (salinity is lower than 0.2 psu in the Kem' River and varies from 15 to 20 psu in outer part of this zone); II -the intermediate zone with depths from 5 to 10 m and salinity at the surface from 16 to 22 psu; IIIthe marine zone with depths from 10 to 29 m and salinity 21-24.5 psu. Highest concentrations of the suspended particulate matter (SPM) were registered in the Kem' mouth (5-7 mg/l). They sharply decreased to values <1 mg/l towards the sea. At beginning of July 2001, particulate organic carbon (POC) concentration in the river mouth was 404 µg/l and POC content in total SPM was 5.64%. In the marine part of the studied area the POC concentration varied from 132 to 274 µg/l and the POC contents in suspended matter increased to 19-52.6%. These studies show, that the majority of riverborne suspended matter in the Kem' estuary deposits near the river mouth within the 20 psu isohaline, where sedimentation of the suspended matter takes place. The role of freshwater phytoplankton species decreases and the role of marine species increases from the river to sea and the percentage of green algae decreases and the role of diatoms increases. The organic carbon (C org ) to nitrogen (N) ratio (C org /N) in both suspended matter and bottom sediments decreases from the river to the marine part of the mixing zone (from 8.5 to 6.1 in the suspended matter and from 14.6 to 7.5 in the bottom sediments), demonstrating that content of terrestrial-derived organic matter decreases and content of marine organic matter Correspondence to: V. P. Shevchenko (vshevch@geo.sio.rssi.ru) increases from the river mouth to the sea. The Kem' estuary exhibits a similar character of biogeochemial processes as in the large Arctic estuaries, but the scale of these processes (amount of river input of SPM, POC, area of estuaries) is different.

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“…About one third of the total freshwater discharge into the Arctic Ocean occurs through the Kara Sea, mainly from the Ob and Yenisei rivers, with a total annual discharge of about 1060 km 3 including their tributaries (Gebhardt et al, 2004;Lammers and Shiklomanov, 2000). The annual discharges would cover the Kara Sea area with 1.15 m of fresh water, and would refill the entire Kara Sea within about 114 yr.…”

Section: Overview Of the Kara Sea Shelfmentioning

confidence: 99%

A contemporary sediment and organic carbon budget for the Kara Sea shelf (Siberia)

et al. 2005

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It has recently been realized that the Arctic undergoes drastic changes, probably resulting from global change induced processes. This acts on the cycling of matter and on biogenic elements in the Arctic Ocean having feedback mechanisms with the global climate, for example by interacting with atmospheric trace gas concentration. A contemporary budget for biogenic elements as well as suspended matter for the Arctic Ocean as a baseline for comparison with effects of further global change is, thus, needed. Available budgets are based on the late Holocene sedimentary record and are therefore quiet different from the present which has already been affected by the intense anthropogenic activity of the last centuries.We calculated a contemporary suspended matter and organic carbon budget for the Kara Sea utilizing the numerous available data from the recent literature as well as our own data from Russian-German SIRRO (Siberian River Run-off) expeditions. For calculation of the budgets we used a multi-box model to simplify the Kara Sea shelf and estuary system: input was assumed to comprise riverine and eolian input as well as coastal erosion, output was assumed to consist of sedimentation and export to the Arctic Ocean. Exchange with the adjacent seas was considered in our budget, and primary production as well as recycling of organic material was taken into account. According to our calculations, about 18.5 Â 10 6 t yr À 1 of sediments and 0.37 Â 10 6 t yr À 1 of organic carbon are buried in the estuaries, whereas 20.9 Â 10 6 t yr À 1 sediment and 0.31 Â10 6 t yr À 1 organic carbon are buried on the shelf. Most sources and sinks of our organic carbon budget of the Kara Sea are in the same order of magnitude, making it a region very sensitive to further changes. D

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Recent particulate organic carbon and total suspended matter fluxes from the Ob and Yenisei Rivers into the Kara Sea (Siberia)

Cited by 141 publications

References 26 publications

Particulate matter fluxes in the southern and central Kara Sea compared to sediments: Bulk fluxes, amino acids, stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, sterols and fatty acids

Particulate matter fluxes in the southern and central Kara Sea compared to sediments: Bulk fluxes, amino acids, stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, sterols and fatty acids

Biogeochemistry of the Kem' River estuary, White Sea (Russia)

A contemporary sediment and organic carbon budget for the Kara Sea shelf (Siberia)

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