Recent off-axis volcanism in the eastern Gulf of Aden: Implications for plume–ridge interaction

Leroy, Sylvie; d’Acremont, Elia; Tiberi, Christel; Basuyau, C.; Autin, Julia; Lucazeau, Francis; Sloan, Heather

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.02.036

Cited by 79 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 93 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The significant spatial heterogeneity among the late Cenozoic asthenospheric reservoirs contributing to magmatism beneath Djibouti and western Afar is surprising, considering the short distance (170 km) between the two regions (Schilling et al, 1992). It may reflect a progressively greater dispersion and preferential channeling of the Afar plume beneath the extending lithosphere (Sleep, 2008), which is consistent with geochemical, bathymetric, gravity, magnetic, and magneto-telluric data from the Gulf of Aden and Main Ethiopian Rift (Schilling et al, 1992;Leroy et al, 2010;Rooney et al, 2012a).…”

Section: Stage 3: Strain Accommodation By Magmatic Intrusionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Geochemical evidence of mantle reservoir evolution during progressive rifting along the western Afar margin

Rooney

Mohr

Dosso

et al. 2013

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

evidence of mantle reservoir evolution during progressive rifting along the western Afar margin. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Elsevier, 2013Elsevier, , 102, pp.65-88. 10.1016Elsevier, /j.gca.2012 Geochemical evidence of mantle reservoir evolution during progressive rifting along the western Afar margin AbstractThe Afar triple junction, where the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden and African Rift System extension zones converge, is a pivotal domain for the study of continental-to-oceanic rift evolution. The western margin of Afar forms the southernmost sector of the western margin of the Red Sea rift where that margin enters the Ethiopian flood basalt province. Tectonism and volcanism at the triple junction had commenced by $31 Ma with crustal fissuring, diking and voluminous eruption of the EthiopianYemen flood basalt pile. The dikes which fed the Oligocene-Quaternary lava sequence covering the western Afar rift margin provide an opportunity to probe the geochemical reservoirs associated with the evolution of a still active continental margin. 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronology reveals that the western Afar margin dikes span the entire history of rift evolution from the initial Oligocene flood basalt event to the development of focused zones of intrusion in rift marginal basins. Major element, trace element and isotopic (Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf) data demonstrate temporal geochemical heterogeneities resulting from variable contributions from the Afar plume, depleted asthenospheric mantle, and African lithosphere. The various dikes erupted between 31 Ma and 22 Ma all share isotopic signatures attesting to a contribution from the Afar plume, indicating this initial period in the evolution of the Afar margin was one of magma-assisted weakening of the lithosphere. From 22 Ma to 12 Ma, however, diffuse diking during continued evolution of the rift margin facilitated ascent of magmas in which depleted mantle and lithospheric sources predominated, though contributions from the Afar plume persisted. After 10 Ma, magmatic intrusion migrated eastwards towards the Afar rift floor, with an increasing fraction of the magmas derived from depleted mantle with less of a lithospheric signature. The dikes of the western Afar margin reveal that magma generation processes during the evolution of this continental rift margin are increasingly dominated by shallow decompressional melting of the ambient asthenosphere, the composition of which may in part be controlled by preferential channeling of plume material along the developing neo-oceanic axes of extension.

show abstract

Section: Stage 3: Strain Accommodation By Magmatic Intrusionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Geochemical evidence of mantle reservoir evolution during progressive rifting along the western Afar margin

Rooney

Mohr

Dosso

et al. 2013

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Geochronological constraints in Ethiopia suggest rifting began 29-31 Ma on the western Afar margin (e.g., Ayalew et al, 2006;Wolfenden et al, 2005) ( Fig. 3), approximately coeval with~35 Ma faulting along large portions of the Gulf of Aden (Leroy et al, 2010) (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Rift Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of extension and magmatism in the Red Sea rift of Afar

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite the importance of continental breakup in plate tectonics, precisely how extensional processes such as brittle faulting, ductile plate stretching, and magma intrusion evolve in space and time during the development of new ocean basins remains poorly understood. The rifting of Arabia from Africa in the Afar depression is an ideal natural laboratory to address this problem since the region exposes subaerially the tectonically active transition from continental rifting to incipient seafloor spreading. We review recent constraints on along-axis variations in rift morphology, crustal and mantle structure, the distribution and style of ongoing faulting, subsurface magmatism and surface volcanism in the Red Sea rift of Afar to understand processes ultimately responsible for the formation of magmatic rifted continental margins. Our synthesis shows that there is a fundamental change in rift morphology from central Afar northward into the Danakil depression, spatially coincident with marked thinning of the crust, an increase in the volume of young basalt flows, and subsidence of the land towards and below sea-level. The variations can be attributed to a northward increase in proportion of extension by ductile plate stretching at the expense of magma intrusion. This is likely in response to a longer history of localised heating and weakening in a narrower rift. Thus, although magma intrusion accommodates strain for a protracted period during rift development, the final stages of breakup are dominated by a phase of plate stretching with a shift from intrusive to extrusive magmatism. This late-stage pulse of decompression melting due to plate thinning may be responsible for the formation of seaward dipping reflector sequences of basalts and sediments, which are ubiquitous at magmatic rifted margins worldwide.

show abstract

“…Because the Gulf of Aden is an ideal place to investigate the continental break-up and interaction of plume activity with oceanic spreading ridge system, many marine geophysical studies have been conducted in this region (e.g., Manighetti et al, 1997;Dauteuil et al, 2001;Bosworth et al, 2005;d'Acremont et al, 2006Leroy et al, 2004Leroy et al, , 2010. Many of these studies reported a melt anomaly in the Gulf of Aden associated with the Afar mantle plume and its influence on the seafloor spreading process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two such models for the transport of plume material have previously been proposed: 1) the diffuse plume dispersion in which plume material spreads radially (or torus-like) as a "pancake" beneath the lithosphere (Schilling et al, 1992;Orihashi et al, 1998) and 2) channelized along-axis plume flow where the mantle plume material moves along the Aden and Sheba Ridges (e.g., Leroy et al, 2010).…”

Section: Implications Of the Plume-ridge Interaction Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotopic constraints on the diversity of magma sources beneath the Aden Ridge (central Gulf of Aden) and plume–ridge interaction

Shinjo

Meshesha²,

Orihashi

et al. 2015

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Recent off-axis volcanism in the eastern Gulf of Aden: Implications for plume–ridge interaction

Cited by 79 publications

References 93 publications

Geochemical evidence of mantle reservoir evolution during progressive rifting along the western Afar margin

Geochemical evidence of mantle reservoir evolution during progressive rifting along the western Afar margin

The development of extension and magmatism in the Red Sea rift of Afar

Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotopic constraints on the diversity of magma sources beneath the Aden Ridge (central Gulf of Aden) and plume–ridge interaction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About