Recent emergence and extinction of the protection of telomeres 1c gene in Arabidopsis thaliana

Kobayashi, Callie; Castillo-González, Claudia; Survotseva, Yulia; Canal, Elijah; Nelson, Andrew D. L.; Shippen, Dorothy E.

doi:10.1007/s00299-019-02427-9

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Studies of the function of these proteins in A. thaliana showed that the POT1a homologue binds telomerase and is involved in the synthesis of telomere repeats, while the POT1b and POT1c homologs are involved in the protection of chromosome termini ( Shakirov et al 2005 , Kobayashi et al 2019 ). In A.…”

Section: Telomere and Subtelomerementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Homologs of the POT1 protein, which forms a heterodimer with the TPP1 protein have been also detected (Wang et al 2007). Studies of the function of these proteins in A. thaliana showed that the POT1a homologue binds telomerase and is involved in the synthesis of telomere repeats, while the POT1b and POT1c homologs are involved in the protection of chromosome termini (Shakirov et al 2005, Kobayashi et al 2019). In A. thaliana, TRB proteins (telomere repeat-binding factors) were also identified (Mozgová et al 2008), containing a conserved domain similar to the telobox-type Myb (short telomeric motif, Myb-related DNA-binding domain) (Peška et al 2011), through which they bind to telomeric dsDNA.…”

Section: Telomere and Subtelomerementioning

confidence: 99%

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The epigenetic regulation of centromeres and telomeres in plants and animals

Achrem

Szućko

Kalinka

2020

CCG

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The centromere is a chromosomal region where the kinetochore is formed, which is the attachment point of spindle fibers. Thus, it is responsible for the correct chromosome segregation during cell division. Telomeres protect chromosome ends against enzymatic degradation and fusions, and localize chromosomes in the cell nucleus. For this reason, centromeres and telomeres are parts of each linear chromosome that are necessary for their proper functioning. More and more research results show that the identity and functions of these chromosomal regions are epigenetically determined. Telomeres and centromeres are both usually described as highly condensed heterochromatin regions. However, the epigenetic nature of centromeres and telomeres is unique, as epigenetic modifications characteristic of both eu- and heterochromatin have been found in these areas. This specificity allows for the proper functioning of both regions, thereby affecting chromosome homeostasis. This review focuses on demonstrating the role of epigenetic mechanisms in the functioning of centromeres and telomeres in plants and animals.

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Section: Telomere and Subtelomerementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Telomere and Subtelomerementioning

confidence: 99%

The epigenetic regulation of centromeres and telomeres in plants and animals

Achrem

Szućko

Kalinka

2020

CCG

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“…Given that null mutations in POT1 compromise fertility in species that possess a single POT1 gene, such as S. pombe or the moss P. patens [165,166], it may be easier to explore the potential relevance of POT1 to regulation of telomeric foci in species that possess multiple POT1 proteins. The Arabidopsis model system has two well-characterized POT1 genes, POT1a and POT1b, which are important for stimulation of telomerase activity and for chromosome end protection, respectively [167][168][169][170], as well as POT1c, which has no known telomeric functions [171]. Humans possess four alternative splice forms of POT1, in addition to a full-length transcript encoding functional POT1 protein, whose expression and function may be worth considering in the context of epigenetic memory [172].…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and Epigenetic Inheritance at Telomeres

et al. 2022

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Transgenerational inheritance can occur at telomeres in distinct contexts. Deficiency for telomerase or telomere-binding proteins in germ cells can result in shortened or lengthened chromosome termini that are transmitted to progeny. In human families, altered telomere lengths can result in stem cell dysfunction or tumor development. Genetic inheritance of altered telomeres as well as mutations that alter telomeres can result in progressive telomere length changes over multiple generations. Telomeres of yeast can modulate the epigenetic state of subtelomeric genes in a manner that is mitotically heritable, and the effects of telomeres on subtelomeric gene expression may be relevant to senescence or other human adult-onset disorders. Recently, two novel epigenetic states were shown to occur at C. elegans telomeres, where very low or high levels of telomeric protein foci can be inherited for multiple generations through a process that is regulated by histone methylation.Together, these observations illustrate that information relevant to telomere biology can be inherited via genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, although the broad impact of epigenetic inheritance to human biology remains unclear.

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“…The third POT1 gene in A. thaliana, AtPOT1c, arose only 5 million years ago as a partial duplication of the AtPOT1a locus. The insertion of a transposon into the promoter of AtPOT1c rendered this gene silent almost immediately after its genesis (122). This finding, coupled with the remarkable functional divergence associated with POT1 paralogs across eukarya, argues that POT1 dosage affects the fitness of organisms, and one or more of the duplicated copies must diverge quickly or be silenced.…”

Section: Gene Duplication: Refining the Landscape Of Telomere Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Back to the future: The intimate and evolving connection between telomere-related factors and genotoxic stress

Barcenilla

Shippen

2019

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Edited by Patrick Sung The conversion of circular genomes to linear chromosomes during molecular evolution required the invention of telomeres. This entailed the acquisition of factors necessary to fulfill two new requirements: the need to fully replicate terminal DNA sequences and the ability to distinguish chromosome ends from damaged DNA. Here we consider the multifaceted functions of factors recruited to perpetuate and stabilize telomeres. We discuss recent theories for how telomere factors evolved from existing cellular machineries and examine their engagement in nontelomeric functions such as DNA repair, replication, and transcriptional regulation. We highlight the remarkable versatility of protection of telomeres 1 (POT1) proteins that was fueled by gene duplication and divergence events that occurred independently across several eukaryotic lineages. Finally, we consider the relationship between oxidative stress and telomeres and the enigmatic role of telomere-associated proteins in mitochondria. These findings point to an evolving and intimate connection between telomeres and cellular physiology and the strong drive to maintain chromosome integrity.

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Recent emergence and extinction of the protection of telomeres 1c gene in Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 6 publications

References 77 publications

The epigenetic regulation of centromeres and telomeres in plants and animals

The epigenetic regulation of centromeres and telomeres in plants and animals

Genetic and Epigenetic Inheritance at Telomeres

Back to the future: The intimate and evolving connection between telomere-related factors and genotoxic stress

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