Recent Developments on the Synthesis and Applications of Natural Products-Inspired Spirooxindole Frameworks

Electrochemical oxidation of 3-substituted indoles

“…1 2-Oxindole natural products possess a diverse range of biological activities, e.g. : ( S )-(−)-spirobrassinin ( 1 ), coerulescine ( 2 ), 2 coprisidin A ( 3 ) 3 and shewanelline C ( 4 ). 4 Pharmaceuticals containing a 2-oxindole include ropinirole ( 5 ), ziprasidone ( 6 ) and nintedanib ( 7 ).…”

Exploring Regio- and Stereoselectivity in [3+2] Cycloaddition: Molecular Electron Density Theory Approach for Novel Spirooxindole-Based Benzimidazole with Pyridine Spacer

“…The skeleton of a spirooxindole core structure is present in many natural alkaloids and attracts many synthetic chemists because this privileged structure plays an important role in drug discovery and medication enhancement [1][2][3][4][5]. There are diverse synthetic tools that are accessible and reproducible for the construction of chiral spirooxindole frameworks with pharmacological relevant targets [6][7][8][9][10]. Spirooxindoles are a prominent class of compounds that possess many medication targets including treatment of cancer [11][12][13][14][15], anti-inflammatory [16], SARS-CoV-2 [17,18], anti-diabetics [19][20][21], and others [22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Enantioselective Construction of Spirooxindole-Fused Cyclopentanes

“…They are present in various natural products such as oxindole-based alkaloids or fungal metabolites (Figure A) . In particular, the spirooxindole motif is often found in medicinally relevant compounds with antiviral, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, antimalarial, and insecticidal activities (Figure B). − …”