Recent Developments on Compton Scatter Tomography: Theory and Numerical Simulations

Truong, T.T.; Nguyen, Maï K.

doi:10.5772/50012

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…CST has been known for decades, since Kondic suggested collecting Compton scattered data on isogonal circular arcs in 1978 for imaging purposes [5], a process based on the Compton formula expressing the scattered radiation energy E(ω) in terms of the scattering angle ω, for a review see e.g. [6]. However, it is only in 1994 that Norton came up with the first design of a CST scanner [4].…”

Section: Compton Scatter Tomography and First Compton Scatter Tomogra...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compton scatter tomography in annular domains

Truong¹,

Nguyen²

2019

Inverse Problems

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Compton Scatter Tomography (CST) is an imaging process which reconstructs the electric charge density in a two dimensional slice of an object. We describe a recent CST modality, introduced in 2010, designed to image an object from the data formed by the integrals of its electric charge density on a two parameter set of circular arcs in the plane, subtended by a rotating diameter of a fixed circle. Through a new approach based on a change of radial variables, introduced recently by Webber and Holman [1] in a three dimensional function reconstruction problem, the CST Radon problems (interior and exterior to the fixed circle) can be mapped to the classical Radon transform. This relation provides not only an elegant solution to the CST reconstruction problems but also provides a link from the CST Radon problems on annular domains (interior and exterior to the fixed circle) to the well-known exterior classical Radon problem, for which results on function reconstruction have been fully worked out by E. T. Quinto. Such CST Radon problems on annular domains may arise, in practice, from restrictions near grazing or near grazing back scattering Compton scattering, as missing data tomographic problems, for which the proposed connection offers a concrete solution.

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Section: Compton Scatter Tomography and First Compton Scatter Tomogra...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2010, we have introduced a new CST-2 modality [2,6], which is conceived for efficient use in scanning large objects (outer scanning) as well as small objects (inner scanning), with adequate compact radiation shielding for the protection of operating personnel.…”

Section: Compton Scatter Tomography and First Compton Scatter Tomogra...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Compton scatter tomography in annular domains

Truong¹,

Nguyen²

2019

Inverse Problems

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“…This extends earlier suggestions of using individual photon energies in PET (Refs. 238 and 239) and, more specifically, applies the idea of Compton scatter (emission) imaging 240,241 to SPECT and PET. In the remainder of this section, unless noted otherwise, we use the term scatter for scattered photons (or coincidences involving the same) in the energy range below the photopeak, acquired in one or more separate scatter acceptance windows.…”

Section: Beyond True Coincidencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attenuation correction in emission tomography using the emission data—A review

Berker

2016

Medical Physics

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The problem of attenuation correction (AC) for quantitative positron emission tomography (PET) had been considered solved to a large extent after the commercial availability of devices combining PET with computed tomography (CT) in 2001; single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) has seen a similar development. However, stimulated in particular by technical advances toward clinical systems combining PET and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), research interest in alternative approaches for PET AC has grown substantially in the last years. In this comprehensive literature review, the authors first present theoretical results with relevance to simultaneous reconstruction of attenuation and activity. The authors then look back at the early history of this research area especially in PET; since this history is closely interwoven with that of similar approaches in SPECT, these will also be covered. We then review algorithmic advances in PET, including analytic and iterative algorithms. The analytic approaches are either based on the Helgason-Ludwig data consistency conditions of the Radon transform, or generalizations of John's partial differential equation; with respect to iterative methods, we discuss maximum likelihood reconstruction of attenuation and activity (MLAA), the maximum likelihood attenuation correction factors (MLACF) algorithm, and their offspring. The description of methods is followed by a structured account of applications for simultaneous reconstruction techniques: this discussion covers organ-specific applications, applications specific to PET/MRI, applications using supplemental transmission information, and motion-aware applications. After briefly summarizing SPECT applications, we consider recent developments using emission data other than unscattered photons. In summary, developments using time-of-flight (TOF) PET emission data for AC have shown promising advances and open a wide range of applications. These techniques may both remedy deficiencies of purely MRI-based AC approaches in PET/MRI and improve standalone PET imaging. C

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“…a) E-mail: toda@ist.aichi-pu.ac.jp DOI: 10.1587/transinf.2020EDP7241 erated unless there is an object, it should be assumed that the scatter contains information about the target object. Based on this perspective, the scattered X-ray effect has been investigated by many researchers when developing CT reconstruction approaches [14]- [19]. Furthermore, if the information contained in the scattered X-rays is independent of that in the primary X-rays, it is expected that the reconstruction accuracy could be improved using this additional information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of CT Reconstruction Using Scattered X-Rays

Ito

Toda

2021

IEICE Trans. Inf. & Syst.

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A neural network that outputs reconstructed images based on projection data containing scattered X-rays is presented, and the proposed scheme exhibits better accuracy than conventional computed tomography (CT), in which the scatter information is removed. In medical X-ray CT, it is a common practice to remove scattered X-rays using a collimator placed in front of the detector. In this study, the scattered X-rays were assumed to have useful information, and a method was devised to utilize this information effectively using a neural network. Therefore, we generated 70,000 projection data by Monte Carlo simulations using a cube comprising 216 (6 × 6 × 6) smaller cubes having random density parameters as the target object. For each projection simulation, the densities of the smaller cubes were reset to different values, and detectors were deployed around the target object to capture the scattered X-rays from all directions. Then, a neural network was trained using these projection data to output the densities of the smaller cubes. We confirmed through numerical evaluations that the neural-network approach that utilized scattered X-rays reconstructed images with higher accuracy than did the conventional method, in which the scattered X-rays were removed. The results of this study suggest that utilizing the scattered X-ray information can help significantly reduce patient dosing during imaging.

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Recent Developments on Compton Scatter Tomography: Theory and Numerical Simulations

Cited by 11 publications

References 42 publications

Compton scatter tomography in annular domains

Compton scatter tomography in annular domains

Attenuation correction in emission tomography using the emission data—A review

Improvement of CT Reconstruction Using Scattered X-Rays

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