Recent Developments of Two-Dimensional Anode Materials and Their Composites in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

Current mature commercial anode materials of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), such as graphite and Li4Ti5O12, have been unable to meet the rapidly growing demand for high storage capacity and ultrafast charging. In recent years, many two-dimensional (2D) materials, including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, transition metal oxides, transition metal carbides and nitrides, and monoelemental materials, have been used as anode materials because of their large specific surface areas, numerous active sites, and outstanding transport rate of lithium ions. On the basis of the research status in recent years, in this review, we introduce the structures and characteristics of these 2D nanomaterials. Then, the advantages and disadvantages of these 2D materials in LIBs are compared. The defects of 2D materials can be improved by compositing them with other materials, and the electrochemical properties of 2D materials can be improved. Furthermore, the prospects and development of 2D materials in flexible LIBs are evaluated and strategies to overcome the difficulties are proposed.

N, P Codoped Hollow Carbon Nanospheres Decorated with MoSe2 Ultrathin Nanosheets for Efficient Potassium-Ion Storage

“…Two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides such as representative MoSe 2 -based materials have been identified to have great potential in anodes for KIBs due to their favorable properties such as low expenditure, high electrical conductivity, appreciable theoretical capacity, and a large interlayer spacing of 0.62–0.65 nm for K + intercalation/deintercalation, which boosts the faster charge transfer and simultaneously enhances the electrochemically reversible charge/discharge processes. − Although MoSe 2 -based anode materials, such as HM-MoSe 2 /NC, MoSe 2 /rGO, and MoSe 2 /MXene, have been successfully implemented as anode materials for KIBs, the crucial issue of collapse of microstructures of electrodes derived from unrestricted volume change through the K + intercalation/deintercalation process has not been well resolved, which unavoidably affects the corresponding electrochemical performance of KIBs. , Therefore, it is becoming the focus of attention to composite nanoengineered MoSe 2 with a perspective volume change buffering substrate as anodes for KIBs with the aim to improve performance.…”

Intercalation pseudocapacitance in 2D N-doped V2O3 nanosheets for stable and ultrafast lithium-ion storage

“…[8][9][10] Typically, graphite as a commercially available anode material has a low theoretical specific capacity of 372 mAh g −1 , which is far from the practical requirement. 11,12 To this end, numerous anode materials have been developed including metal oxides, alloys, and their composites. [12][13][14] However, the majority of them suffer from volume expansion during the lithiation/delithiation process, which gradually leads to stress accumulation and then crushing.…”

“…11,12 To this end, numerous anode materials have been developed including metal oxides, alloys, and their composites. [12][13][14] However, the majority of them suffer from volume expansion during the lithiation/delithiation process, which gradually leads to stress accumulation and then crushing. 15 Consequently, it is of great significance to develop high-performance anode materials for Li-ion batteries.…”

“…18,19 To address the above bottlenecks of vanadium oxides as anode materials, various strategies have been developed including structure engineering, doping, and hybridization. 12,20 For example, V 2 O 5 @FeOOH hollow nanoflowers with a dual-phased structure can accelerate charge transfer and mitigate structure collapse, exhibiting a high specific capacity of 985 mA h g −1 at 200 mA g −1 with superior cyclability. 21 It is also reported that N-doped carbon encapsulated V 2 O 3 nanowires accelerate the lithiation procedure, displaying a specific capacity of 651 mA h g −1 at 200 mA g −1 after 100 cycles.…”

First-Principles Calculations on Magnetism Induced by Vacancies in β12-Borophene Nanosheets: Implications for Property Modulation

“…Compared to traditional semiconductors and metal atoms, − borophene has a hexagonal and triangular composite plane structure and exhibits unusual transport and magnetotransport properties, including the quantum Hall effect. In addition, borophene nanosheets exhibit high flexibility and superconductivity, making them good conductors for electrons and heat. − Remarkably, in principle, several physical properties can be regulated on-demand, thus raising concerns regarding their potential characteristics, including magnetism.…”