Recent Developments of the Blood-Brain Barrier Concept

“…The literature contains several statements about the influence of ECT, various psychotropic drugs and mental disease states on the transcerebral transport mechanisms, for a review see Edstrom (1964). The validity of such statements can be experimentally tested with the presented method, as has been illustrated here with EXT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

An Attempt to Measure the Two‐Way Permeability in the Blood‐Brain‐CSF System

Edström

1964

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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EDSTROY, R. An attempt to measure the two-way permeabiliu in the blood-brain-CSFsystem. Acta physiol. scand 1964.61.2 12-2 18. -Perfision ofvarious CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) spaces with an artificial fluid opens the way to a quantitative analysis of transport rates and permeability in the blood-CSF interphase. Several approaches have been reported recently; two of the most successful ones are the reports of Heisey et al. (1962) and Pollay and Davson (1963). In these studies the CSF-blood transfer has been calculated from measured losses of indicator material from the perfision fluid. The present paper will report on an attempt to amplify this approach by a determination also of the appearance rate of the indicator material in the blood, and by a simultaneous measurement of the transport rate in the opposite direction: blood-CSF.Various equations for use in this system are given, and practical experiments with sodium and iodide transfer are reported. They do not permit a conclusion of any preferential direction of sodium transport, but iodide seems to be transported about 10 times faster out of the cerebral ventricles than in the opposite direction.

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A blood‐brain barrier to peroxidase in capillaries surrounded by perivascular spaces

1968

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Some investigators have hypothesized that the absence of a blood-brain barrier in specialized regions of the mammalian central nervous system is related to the occurrence of a pericapillary connective tissue space that can accommodate more substance than the usual narrow extracellular space in the remainder of the cerebral parenchyma. The capillaries of the urodele brain are well suited to test this hypothesis. All of the cerebral capillaries examined electron-microscopically in Necturus maculosus are surrounded by a collagen-containing space, about 0.5 p wide, which is delimited by an endothelid and a glial basement membrane. In Ambystoma tigrinum, some capillaries have perivascular spaces whereas others are surrounded by a single basement membrane shared by endothelium and glia and therefore resemble mammalian vessels exhibiting barrier phenomena. In both Necturus and Ambystoma, horseradish peroxidase administered intravenously one-half to two hours before fixation did not cross the brain capillary endothelium. The bulk of the protein remained in the vessel lumen, although some was incorporated by membrane-bound inclusions within the endothelium, and none ever reached the perivascular basement membrane, space or parenchyma. The amphibian cerebral endothelium is, like the mammalian endothelium, the locus for the barrier to the entry of peroxidase from blood to parenchyma. Thus, the mere occurrence of a pericapillary space is not necessarily coincident with the absence of a blood-brain barrier.

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Recent Developments of the Blood-Brain Barrier Concept

Cited by 32 publications

References 134 publications

Capillary Ultrastructure and the Blood-Brain Barrier in Human Malignant Brain Tumors

Capillary Ultrastructure and the Blood-Brain Barrier in Human Malignant Brain Tumors

An Attempt to Measure the Two‐Way Permeability in the Blood‐Brain‐CSF System

A blood‐brain barrier to peroxidase in capillaries surrounded by perivascular spaces

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