Recent Developments of Hydrazide/Hydrazone Derivatives and Their Analogs as Anticonvulsant Agents in Animal Models

Abstract

Preclinical Research Epilepsy is a chronic devastating neurological disorder characterized by synchronous interictal discharges. Treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can alleviate spontaneous seizure activity without preventing the progression and development of epileptogenesis. Current design and development of new AEDs and strategies for the prevention of epilepsy is focused mainly on attenuating uncontrolled seizures, severe side effects and toxicity in chronic drug therapy. It has thus become necessary to discover new chemical pharmacophores with a broad spectrum of activity and less neurotoxicity. Hydrazide/hydrazone derivatives that possess a -CO-NHN=CH- group constitute an important class of compounds for drug development. This review highlights the specific characteristics of various hydrazide/hydrazone derivatives and structurally related semicarbazones, semicarbazides and Schiff base compounds and their anticonvulsant activities. It is focused on the influence of differently substituted pharmacophores developed through SAR studies and testing their activity against different pharmcological targets. Drug Dev Res 77 : 379-392, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Design and synthesis of novel Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole derivatives as potent antiviral and antimycobacterial agents

“…Besides the wide biological activity spectrum of imidazo[2,1-b] thiazole derivatives, also the compounds bearing hydrazide, acyl-hydrazone and spirothiazolidinone moiety, have been reported in the literature with their various effects such as antibacterial [21], antifungal [22], antitubercular [23], antiviral [24], anticonvulsant [25] and antidepressant [26].…”

New hydrazide–hydrazones of isonicotinic acid: synthesis, lipophilicity and in vitro antimicrobial screening

“…Consequently, there is a need to search for novel compounds with significant antibacterial and antifungal activity . An overview of recent literature suggests that hydrazide–hydrazone derivatives should be considered as very promising bioactive molecules especially in terms of antimicrobial activity …”

“…Hydrazide–hydrazones are of great interest due to their antibacterial, antifungal, antitubercular, antiviral, analgesic, anticonvulsant, and larvicidal activities . Hydrazide–hydrazones are also potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and poly(ADP‐ribose) glycohydrolase .…”

New 1,3,4‐Thiadiazole Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activity

“…Acid hydrazides are reactive substances and have been used as useful synthons of various heterocyclic rings with one or several heteroatoms. Hydrazides have various applications as drugs, chemical preservers for plants, in industry, glues and for many other purposes . Hydrazides are also possessed other biological activities like antituberculous , antifungal and psychotropic , antiviral , antiparasite , and anti‐phytopathogenic activity .…”