Recent Developments in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Materials

Yokokawa, Harumi; Sakai, Natsuko; Horita, Teruhisa; Yamaji, Katsuhiko

doi:10.1002/1615-6854(200107)1:2<117::aid-fuce117>3.0.co;2-y

Cited by 149 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Based on the published phase diagram, the Sr could be replaced with Ca while maintaining the desired perovskite phase. 64 A starting composition of La 0.5 Ca 0.5 MnO 3 (LCM50) will be synthesized and characterized for the air-electrode material. A suit of structural and electrochemical characterization will be used to evaluate the novel electrode composition, including x-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal expansion co-efficient, and electrochemical measurements of the total and partial conductivities as a function of various oxygen activities.…”

Section: Summary and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summary Report on Solid-oxide Electrolysis Cell Testing and Development

O’Brien¹,

Zhang²,

O’Brien³

et al. 2012

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARYIdaho National Laboratory (INL) has been researching the application of solid-oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) for large-scale hydrogen production from steam over a temperature range of 800 to 900°C. From 2003 to 2009, this work was sponsored by the United States Department of Energy Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative, under the Office of Nuclear Energy. Starting in 2010, the high-temperature electrolysis (HTE) research program has been sponsored by the INL Next Generation Nuclear Plant Project. This report provides a summaryof program activities performed in Fiscal Year (FY) 2011 and the first quarter of FY-12, with a focus on small-scale testing and cell development activities. HTE research priorities during this period have included the development and testing of SOEC and stack designs that exhibit high-efficiency initial performance and low, long-term degradation rates. MSRI worked closely with INL as a subcontractor responsible for development and testing of advanced electrode-supported solid-oxide cells and stacks, optimized for operation in the electrolysis mode. MSRI also provided several stacks and single cells to INL for independent testing and characterization. Testing at both locations included several long-term (more than 1000 hours) stack durability tests. Test results were very favorable, with excellent initial performance and low degradation rates (less than 3%/khr). Based on the test results, and the development of an excellent working relationship, MSRI was selected as the supplier for cells and stacks for two major FY-12 program objectives: (1) demonstration of HTE at the 4-kW scale for 1000 hours using advanced technology cell and stack hardware, and (2) demonstration of pressurized operation of an HTE stack at a pressure of 1.5 MPa or higher.VPS is a major developer of solid-oxide fuel cells and a member of the United States Department of Energy Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance. INL contracted with VPS in FY-10 for electrolysis testing activities performed at their research facility in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Some of the test activities, including a stack test that ran for more than 4500 hours, extended into FY-11 and are therefore included in this report. VPS also examined the effects of constant current versus constant voltage operation. HTE test results performed at VPS were excellent. The stacks exhibited good initial performance and very low degradation rates (less than 1.5%/khr).Ceramatec, Incorporated, continued to be an important contributor to the INL HTE Program during FY-11. Primary research objectives for FY-11 included continued refinement of the air-electrode material set to address various degradation mechanisms, development of an air-electrode-supported cell with a thin electrolyte, and development of a new double-doped electrolyte. Ceramatec also delivered several SOEC stacks to INL for testing and also performed their own in-house testing. One of the stacks was operated at INL for more than 2000 hours, with very stable long-term performance, even showing i...

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Section: Summary and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summary Report on Solid-oxide Electrolysis Cell Testing and Development

O’Brien¹,

Zhang²,

O’Brien³

et al. 2012

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“…Yokokawa et al estimated the electrolyte efficiency when LSGM is used for the electrolyte of SOFC. 20 Electrolyte efficiency is given by a function of fuel utilization for the power generation and an internal resistance. 20 When the thickness of the electrolyte became thinner, chemical leakage of oxygen due to the electronic conduction became significant and the fuel consumption without generating electronic power also became significant resulting in the decreased electrolyte efficiency.…”

Section: Fig 7 Contour Plot Of the Conductivity In Lamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 11 compares the efficiency loss at selected values of thickness and at a current density of 0.3 A cm À2 in YSZ, Gddoped CeO 2 (GDC), and LSGM. 20 The efficiency loss in the electrolyte increases rapidly with lowering temperature due to the Arrhenius-type behavior of the ionic conductivity. In order to achieve a high power density, it is essential to fabricate a thin film.…”

Section: Fig 7 Contour Plot Of the Conductivity In Lamentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of New Fast Oxide Ion Conductor and Application for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Ishihara¹

2006

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

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Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) show great promise as new power generators with high efficiency. Decreasing the operating temperature is critically required for the further development of SOFC. This review introduces that oxide ion conductivity in the perovskite oxide of LaGaO 3 , which was found by our group. LaGaO 3 doped with La and Mg exhibits the high oxide ion conductivity over a wide P O2 range; the value is higher than that of Y 2 O 3 -stabilized ZrO 2 by an order of magnitude. When LaGaO 3 -based oxide was used as the electrolyte of SOFC, the power density could be improved greatly, in particular over the low-temperature range. In this study, the power generating property of LSGM using a thin film of LaGaO 3 is also introduced. The maximum power density of the cell using LaGaO 3 -based oxide is as high as 0.6 W cm À2 at 773 K. This suggests that SOFC could be operable at temperature lower than 773 K.

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“…Coupling LCA and environmental accounting creates a powerful tool for total system decision-making (Shapiro, 2001). The authors have already begun a comprehensive survey of LCA inventory information, and are in the process of cataloguing the data (Dicks and Martin, 1998;Inaba et al, 1997;Ippommatsu, Sasaki, and Otoshi, 1996;Itoh et al, 1994;Singhal, 1998;Ghiocel and Rieger, 1999;Tryon and Cruse, 2000;Manninen and Zhu, 1999;Yokokawa et al, 2001). …”

Section: Additional Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locating Hybrid Fuel Cell–Turbine Power Generation Units under Uncertainty

Schaefer

2004

Annals of Operations Research

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Abstract. Hybrid gas turbine-solid oxide fuel cell power generation has the potential to create a positive economic and environmental impact. Annually, the U.S. spends over $235 billion on electricity, and electric utilities emit 550 million metric tons of carbon. The integration of distributed hybrid generation can reduce these emissions and costs through increased efficiencies. In this paper, a model is presented that minimizes the costs of distributed hybrid generation while optimally locating the units within the existing electric infrastructure. The model utilizes data from hybrid generation modules, and includes uncertainty in customer demand, weather, and fuel costs.

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Recent Developments in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Materials

Cited by 149 publications

References 23 publications

Summary Report on Solid-oxide Electrolysis Cell Testing and Development

Summary Report on Solid-oxide Electrolysis Cell Testing and Development

Development of New Fast Oxide Ion Conductor and Application for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Locating Hybrid Fuel Cell–Turbine Power Generation Units under Uncertainty

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