Recent Developments in Polyphenol Applications on Human Health: A Review with Current Knowledge

Abstract

Polyphenol has been used in treatment for some health disorders due to their diverse health promoting properties. These compounds can reduce the impacts of oxidation on the human body, prevent the organs and cell structure against deterioration and protect their functional integrity. The health promoting abilities are attributed to their high bioactivity imparting them high antioxidative, antihypertensive, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral activity, as well as anticancer properties. The application of polyphenols such as flavonoids, catechin, tannins, and phenolic acids in the food industry as bio-preservative substances for foods and beverages can exert a superb activity on the inhibition of oxidative stress via different types of mechanisms. In this review, the detailed classification of polyphenolic compunds and their important bioactivity with special focus on human health are addressed. Additionally, their ability to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 could be used as alternative therapy to treat COVID patients. Inclusions of polyphenolic compounds in various foods have demonstrated their ability to extend shelf life and they positive impacts on human health (antioxidative, antihypertensive, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, anticancer). Additionally, their ability to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been reported. Considering their natural occurrence and GRAS status they are highly recommended in food.

Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Properties of Latvian Honey against Causative Agents of Wound Infections

“…Polyphenols are a group of natural compounds that are widely distributed in plants and have been found to possess antibacterial properties against a range of Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria. Various mechanisms of the antimicrobial action of polyphenols have been described in the literature, for e.g., they disrupt the bacterial cell membrane (pore formation, disintegration of membrane proteins, cell wall disruption, modifying membrane potential), affect cytoplasm (leaking cell components, cytoplasm acidification, chelation of metal ions) and disturb functions (DNA/RNA/protein synthesis, modulate a cellular redox response through a proline-linked pentose phosphate pathway, inactivation of enzymes, loss of biofilm formation) [12][13][14]. Similar to honey, polyphenols also have also been shown to enhance the activity of antibiotics against biofilms of several bacterial species, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and Staphylococcus aureus (SA) [15].…”

Enantioselective Synthesis of Flavonoids and Their Diverse Applications in Nutrition, Health, and Medicine: A Mini Review

“…[3] All over the kingdom of Plantae, flavonoids can occur as phenolic compounds with small molecular weight. [4] In the Angiospermae family, they are prominently recognized as floral pigments, however, they are not common. Flavonoids 6000 approximately lead to the beautiful colors seen in fruits, botanicals, veggies, and traditional medicinal.…”

“…All over the kingdom of Plantae, flavonoids can occur as phenolic compounds with small molecular weight [4] . In the Angiospermae family, they are prominently recognized as floral pigments, however, they are not common.…”

Impact of Storage Duration on Polyphenolic Composition, Biological Activities, and Biodegradation of Olive Mill Wastewater

“…In recent years, there has been a growing interest in exploring the potential of OMW as a valuable source of bioactive compounds (Boutafda et al, 2023). Polyphenols, in particular, have garnered significant attention due to their reported health benefits (Rathod et al, 2023). These phenolic compounds are widely studied for their diverse biological and functional properties and their substantial presence in olive oil by-products, including OMW, justifies their recovery (Gullon et al, 2020).…”