Recent developments in oilfield scale control

Barber, Miriam

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-822896-8.00005-4

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…There are a number of principal mechanisms responsible for the inhibitory effectiveness of scale inhibitors in preventing or retarding scale formation [49]. These mechanisms include nucleation inhibition, crystal growth inhibition, scale dispersion, and crystal modi-fication [50][51][52].…”

Section: Scale Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Phosphorus-Based Polymers for Mineral Scale and Corrosion Control in Oilfield

Liu

Zhang

2022

Polymers

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Production chemistry is an important field in the petroleum industry to study the physicochemical changes in the production system and associated impact on production fluid flow from reservoir to topsides facilities. Mineral scale deposition and metal corrosion are among the top three water-related production chemistry threats in the petroleum industry, particularly for offshore deepwater and shale operations. Mineral scale deposition is mainly driven by local supersaturation due to operational condition change and/or mixing of incompatible waters. Corrosion, in contrast, is an electrochemical oxidation–reduction process with local cathodic and anodic reactions taking place on metal surfaces. Both mineral scaling and metal corrosion can lead to severe operational risk and financial loss. The most common engineering solution for oilfield scale and corrosion control is to deploy chemical inhibitors, including scale inhibitors and corrosion inhibitors. In the past few decades, various chemical inhibitors have been prepared and applied for scaling and corrosion control. Phosphorus-based polymers are an important class of chemical inhibitors commonly adopted in oilfield operations. Due to the versatile molecular structures of these chemicals, phosphorus-based polymeric inhibitors have the advantage of a higher calcium tolerance, a higher thermal stability, and a wider pH tolerance range compared with other types of inhibitors. However, there are limited review articles to cover these polymeric chemicals for oilfield scale and corrosion control. To address this gap, this review article systematically reviews the synthesis, laboratory testing, and field applications of various phosphorus-based polymeric inhibitors in the oil and gas industry. Future research directions in terms of optimizing inhibitor design are also discussed. The objective is to keep the readers abreast of the latest development in the synthesis and application of these materials and to bridge chemistry knowledge with oilfield scale and corrosion control practice.

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Section: Scale Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Phosphorus-Based Polymers for Mineral Scale and Corrosion Control in Oilfield

Liu

Zhang

2022

Polymers

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“…Scale inhibitors (SIs) are used to prevent nucleation and/or crystal growth of the deposited scales in well and flow lines. − Scale inhibitors are water-soluble polymeric compounds containing mainly carboxylate or sulfonate groups or nonpolymeric small molecules with phosphonate groups. Some of the commercial scale inhibitors used widely to inhibit calcite scaling are poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), poly(vinylsulfonic acid) (PVS), copolymers of maleic and acrylic acid ( co- MA:AA), and monomeric phosphonate amines such as aminotris(methylenephosphonate) (ATMP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Calcite Scale Inhibitors via Oxidation of Lignosulfonates

Ganguly,

Kelland,

Ellis

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Deposition of inorganic scales in wells, flow lines, and equipment is a major problem in the water treatment, geothermal, or upstream oil and gas industries. Deployment of scale inhibitors has been adopted worldwide for oilfield scale prevention. Commercial synthetic scale inhibitors such as polymeric carboxylates and sulfonates or nonpolymeric phosphonates offer good scale inhibition performance but often suffer from one or more limitations including biodegradability, calcium compatibility, and thermal stability. Lignin-based biomaterials such as sodium lignosulfonates are natural, sustainable, and widely available polymers that are accepted for use in environmentally sensitive areas. Here we show that, although lignosulfonates perform relatively poorly as calcite scale inhibitors in dynamic tube blocking tests, oxidized lignosulfonates show a much improved inhibition effect by a factor of 20-fold. The oxidized lignosulfonates are easy to prepare in a 1-step reaction and show excellent calcium compatibility and thermal stability, useful for downhole squeeze treatments in high temperature wells. This present study unequivocally establishes oxidized lignosulfonates as a new class of sustainable green scale inhibitors, thereby bridging the gap between materials derived directly from nature and the classic synthetic polymeric scale inhibitors.

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“…Scale is a solid layer deposited on the surfaces of industrial equipment through a process called scaling [ 1 ]. Scaling leads to increased costs and reduced production efficiency in reverse osmosis facilities, boilers and heat exchangers, evaporation plants, industrial water systems, geothermal power plants and oilfield applications [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. In this regard, a variety of chemical [ 4 ] and nonchemical [ 5 ] techniques to mitigate scaling have been adopted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, a variety of chemical [ 4 ] and nonchemical [ 5 ] techniques to mitigate scaling have been adopted. The simple operation and excellent scale resistance of antiscalants make them very popular [ 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. The most efficient scale inhibitors include organophosphonates (aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid), ATMP; 1-hydoxyethylydene-1,1-bisphosphonic acid, HEDP; etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent-Tagged Antiscalants—The New Materials for Scale Inhibition Mechanism Studies, Antiscalant Traceability and Antiscaling Efficacy Optimization during CaCO3 and CaSO4·2H2O Scale Formation

Tkachenko

Trukhina²,

Ryabova

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Equipment scaling leads to reduced production efficiency in a wide range of industrial applications worldwide. Various antiscaling agents are currently commonly used to mitigate this problem. However, irrespective of their long and successful application in water treatment technologies, little is known about the mechanisms of scale inhibition, particularly the localization of scale inhibitors on scale deposits. The lack of such knowledge is a limiting factor in the development of applications for antiscalants. Meanwhile, fluorescent fragments integrated into scale inhibitor molecules have provided a successful solution to the problem. The focus of this study is, therefore, on the synthesis and investigation of a novel fluorescent antiscalant: (2-(6-morpholino-1,3-dioxo-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)yl)ethylazanediyl)bis(methylenephosphonic acid) (ADMP-F) which is an analog of the commercial antiscalant: aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP). ADMP-F has been found to effectively control the precipitation of CaCO3 and CaSO4 in solution and is a promising tracer for organophosphonate scale inhibitors. ADMP-F was compared with two other fluorescent antiscalants—polyacrylate (PAA-F1) and bisphosphonate (HEDP-F)—and was found to be highly effective: PAA-F1 > ADMP-F >> HEDP-F (CaCO3) and PAA-F1 > ADMP-F > HEDP-F (CaSO4·2H2O). The visualization of the antiscalants on the deposits provides unique information on their location and reveals differences in the “antiscalant-deposit” interactions for scale inhibitors of different natures. For these reasons, a number of important refinements to the mechanisms of scale inhibition are proposed.

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Recent developments in oilfield scale control

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Review of Phosphorus-Based Polymers for Mineral Scale and Corrosion Control in Oilfield

Review of Phosphorus-Based Polymers for Mineral Scale and Corrosion Control in Oilfield

Sustainable Calcite Scale Inhibitors via Oxidation of Lignosulfonates

Fluorescent-Tagged Antiscalants—The New Materials for Scale Inhibition Mechanism Studies, Antiscalant Traceability and Antiscaling Efficacy Optimization during CaCO3 and CaSO4·2H2O Scale Formation

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