Recent developments in isobutanol synthesis from synthesis gas

Verkerk, K.A.N.; Jaeger, B.; Finkeldei, C.-H.; Keim, Wilhelm

doi:10.1016/s0926-860x(99)00158-1

Cited by 55 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…One was how the first chain growth step (C 1 to C 2 ) took place and with C 1 species involved, the other was to account for the deviation from the A-S-F distribution leading to the preferred formation of higher alcohols [35]. With the ADM catalyst, the formation of higher alcohols likely proceeded via a classical insertion of CO into the corresponding precursor alcohol, CH x [11][12].…”

Section: Product Distribution and Chain Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent well-publicized issues concerning methyl tertiarybutyl ether (MTBE), conventional oxygenate used for reformulated gasoline (RFG), contamination in drinking water have led to the necessity of finding an alternative to MTBE to meet the legal requirements [1][2]. With stringent restrictions on pollution emissions, alcohols appear to not only be environmentally friendly fuel additives, but also effective as potential octane number enhancer for motor fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While methanol and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis can be considered as important industry processes, the synthesis of higher alcohols (C 2+ OH) still suffers from the lack of selectivity [1]. From a practical point of view, a highly active, selective and poisoning-resistant catalyst for the production of mixed alcohols is highly desirable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ni/ADM: a high activity and selectivity to C2+OH catalyst for catalytic conversion of synthesis gas to C1-C5 mixed alcohols

Yang

et al. 2005

Top Catal

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In the present paper alkali-doped molybdenum sulfide (ADM) catalysts modified by Ni were prepared and Ni promoter showed an effective promotion on the activity and C 2+ OH selectivity. At Ni:Mo molar ratio of 0.5, the percentage of methanol decreased sharply from 53(C-atom)% to 11(C-atom)% and the ratio of C 2+ OH/C 1 OH reached the maximum (8.75), which was about 10 times compared with that of traditional ADM catalyst (0.87). Calculation revealed that the additions of Ni caused the apparent activation energies for C 1-3 alcohols decreased, especially for ethanol. The great deviation of methanol from the linear A-S-F distribution indicated a different reaction route which might caused by the bi-functionality of nickel, namely, the formation of corresponding precursor of alcohol (CH x ) and the strong ability of CO insertion. Characterization suggested that such a promotion was closely related to the structure of nickel of the catalyst, the simultaneous presences of aggregated particles and high-dispersed Ni.

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Section: Product Distribution and Chain Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ni/ADM: a high activity and selectivity to C2+OH catalyst for catalytic conversion of synthesis gas to C1-C5 mixed alcohols

Yang

et al. 2005

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“…Both the reducibility and the oxygen storage capacity were increased by introducing Zr ). Isobutanol is used for synthesizing MTBE by reaction with methanol (obtained from the reaction), so the STY of isobutanol is an important parameter for evaluating modified methanol synthesis catalysts for the synthesis of mixed alcohols 24) . Therefore, CsCu/Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 is a promising catalyst for the synthesis of mixed alcohols from syngas.…”

Section: Catalytic Performances Of Various Catalysts For the Synthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Mixed Alcohols from Syngas over Cs-modified Cu/Ce1−xZrxO2 Catalysts

彦勇

和久

仁

et al. 2010

J. Jpn. Petrol. Inst.

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Cu/Ce1-xZrxO2 (x 0-1) was prepared by a coprecipitation-decomposition method using NH3 ・H2O as precipitant (to avoid residues of alkali metals), followed by a boiling process to eliminate NH3 and decompose [Cu(NH3)4] 2 complex. Then Cs was introduced to Cu/Ce1-xZrxO2 by the impregnation method. The prepared CsCu/Ce1-xZrxO2 catalysts (Cs: 1.0 wt%; Cu: 20 wt%) were used to catalyze the synthesis of mixed alcohols in a high-pressure fixed-bed flow reactor under reaction conditions of T 573 K, P 3 MPa, H2/CO 2/1, and GHSV 2400 h -1 . CsCu/CeO2 showed higher CO conversion than the industrial catalyst CsCu/ZnO due to the reducibility of the CeO2 support. Moreover, the STY of higher alcohols over CsCu/CeO2 was much higher than that over CsCu/ZnO due to the oxygen storage capacity of the CeO2-based compounds. Introduction of Zr 4 ions into CeO2 lattices increased the reducibility and the oxygen storage capacity of the CeO2-based compounds, so the STY of higher alcohols over CsCu/Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 was larger than that over CsCu/CeO2. CO conversion increased but selectivity for methanol decreased with higher reaction temperature over CsCu/Ce0.8Zr0.2O2. The selectivity for higher alcohols was maximum at 573 K over CsCu/Ce0.8Zr0.2O2. Both CO conversion and selectivity for higher alcohols increased with higher reaction pressure over CsCu/Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 for the synthesis of mixed alcohols from syngas.

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“…The single-pass-conversion of the feed syngas and selectivity to C 2+ -alcohols both were relatively low. Under the used reaction conditions, most systems produce methanol as the main product instead of C 2+ -alcohols [23][24][25][26]. Development of catalysts with high efficiency and selectivity to C 2+ -alcohols has been one of the key objectives for R&D efforts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-decorated carbon nanotube-supported Co–Mo–K sulfide catalyst for higher alcohol synthesis

Lin

Zhang

2006

Catal Lett

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Using chemical reduction-deposition method, a type of metallic cobalt-decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes, noted as y%(mass percentage)Co/MWCNTs, was prepared. TEM, SEM and XRD measurements demonstrated that the metallic cobalt was evenly coated on the MWCNT substrate, with granule-diameter of the Co x 0 -crystallites of 5-8 nm. Using the y%Co/MWCNTs as support, a type of supported Co-Mo-K sulfide catalysts, noted as x%(Co i Mo j K k )/(y%Co/MWCNTs), for higher alcohol synthesis (HAS) was developed. It was experimentally shown that using the Co-modified MWCNTs in place of simple MWCNTs or activated carbon (AC) as the catalyst support led to a significant increase in activity of CO hydrogenation conversion and improvement in the selective formation of C 2+ -alcohols. Under the reaction condition of 5.0 MPa, 613 K, CO/H 2 /N 2 = 45/45/10 (v/v) and GHSV = 3600 ml STP h )1 g )cat.)1 , the observed STY of C 1-4 -alcohols reached 154.1 mgh )1 g )cat.)1 at 12.6% conversion of CO over the 11.6%(Co 1 Mo 1 K 0.6 )/(6.4%Co/MWCNTs) catalyst, which was 1.76 and 2.33 times as high as that (87.7 and 66.1 mgh )1 g )cat.)1 ) of the reference systems supported by simple MWCNTs and AC respectively. Ethanol became the predominant product of the CO hydrogenation, with carbon-based selectivity ratio of C 2-4 -alcohols to CH 3 OH reaching 3.6 in the products. It was experimentally found that using the Co-modified MWCNTs in place of simple MWCNTs or AC as the catalyst support caused little change in the apparent activation energy for the conversion of CO, but led to a slight increase in the molar percentage of catalytically active Mo-species (Mo 4+ ) in the total Mo-amount at the surface of the functioning catalyst. Based upon the results of TPD investigation, it could be inferred that, under the reaction condition of HAS, there existed a considerably larger amount of adsorbed H-species and CO-species on the functioning catalyst, thus in favour of increasing the rate of a series of surface hydrogenation reactions in HAS.KEY WORDS: Co-modified carbon nanotubes; sulphided x%(Co i Mo j K k )/(y%Co/CNTs) catalyst; CO hydrogenation; higher alcohol synthesis.

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Recent developments in isobutanol synthesis from synthesis gas

Cited by 55 publications

References 76 publications

Ni/ADM: a high activity and selectivity to C2+OH catalyst for catalytic conversion of synthesis gas to C1-C5 mixed alcohols

Ni/ADM: a high activity and selectivity to C2+OH catalyst for catalytic conversion of synthesis gas to C1-C5 mixed alcohols

Synthesis of Mixed Alcohols from Syngas over Cs-modified Cu/Ce<sub>1−<i>x</i></sub>Zr<sub><i>x</i></sub>O<sub>2</sub> Catalysts

Co-decorated carbon nanotube-supported Co–Mo–K sulfide catalyst for higher alcohol synthesis

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