Recent developments in hydrogels containing copper and palladium for the catalytic reduction/degradation of organic pollutants

Abstract

The elimination of toxic and hazardous contaminants from different environmental media has become a global challenge, causing researchers to focus on the treatment of pollutants.

Recent Progress in the Application of Palladium Nanoparticles: A Review

“…), causing the successful loading of metal nanoparticles and prohibiting their aggregation [163]. Recently, palladium-based hydrogels have been used as catalysts for the reduction of nitrophenols (which have high toxicity and are a reason for cancer) to aminophenols due to significant merits such as thermal stability, high mechanical strength, reusability, easy work-up, simple synthesis, and high surface area [164].…”

LSNR:GO template for BSA interaction, photo and sonocatalytic reductions of fluorescent dyes in aqueous solutions

“…5 For decades, the focus has been on developing photocatalyzing metallic organic frameworks, metallic biocomplexes, and bimetallic complexes using transitional metals, as reported in previous studies. 5,6 Transition metals are comparatively easy to handle, and their crystalline water molecules are removed at NTP unlike the 800-1300 for lanthanide metals that hinders chemical processes. 7 The crystalline 6H 2 O of LnCl 3 Á6H 2 O is not detached by dissolving it in water at NTP, though, its Cl À dissociate and respond to AgNO 3 but are unable to form Ln 2 S 3 .…”

“…LSNRs and LGT act as renewable energy storage systems and dopants with pharmaceuticals, digital inks, textiles, integrated circuits (ICs), and heat sensors. 5,6,10,11 PCPs, PCR, and SCR predict their structural abilities to photocatalyzed and solubilize the biomolecules as BSA LSNR and LGT nanomaterials could also be doped and blended with a fine powder of waste plastics to functionalize and recycle them. 12 LSNRs and LGT could structurally align GO and polymer composites for wider applications as supercapacitors and metallic nanocatalysts.…”

A Triazole‐Based Covalent Gel Loaded with Cu/Pd Bimetallic Nanoparticles for Efficient Catalytic Cross‐Coupling Reactions

“…Gels have been used in catalysis due to the simple synthesis, hierarchical structure and adjustable functional framework [17,18] . In view of the good contact and mass transfer between gels and reaction solvent, gel catalysts have double heterogeneous/homogeneous properties [19] . Owing to the proximity and conformational constraints between aggregated gelator molecules, the catalytic efficiency of gels can be efficiently improved.…”

“…[17,18] In view of the good contact and mass transfer between gels and reaction solvent, gel catalysts have double heterogeneous/homogeneous properties. [19] Owing to the proximity and conformational constraints between aggregated gelator molecules, the catalytic efficiency of gels can be efficiently improved. Gels have been reported to show higher catalytic efficiency than reactions carried out in solution, attributed to the higher regional concentration of catalytic centers in the gel network.…”