Recent developments in dynamic fracture: some perspectives

Fineberg, Jay; Bouchbinder, Eran

doi:10.1007/s10704-015-0038-x

Cited by 54 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 229 publications

(367 reference statements)

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“…The latter factor is supported by theoretical results (Fineberg & Bouchbinder, ; Marder, ) in the case of a crack propagating in an externally loaded infinite strip. Even if the system possesses a reflection symmetry, wave interaction of the rupture with boundaries leads to an energy release rate involving an inertial term and an effective mass, which decreases to 0 as the rupture speed approaches the speed limit.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

“…This is due to the tensile normal traction perturbation and inherited inertial dynamics involving a velocity‐dependent effective mass (Marder, ). This is in contrast with the rupture propagation within an infinite strip, where the inertia dynamics inherited from rupture/wave interaction reduces the acceleration of the rupture toward the limit speed (Fineberg & Bouchbinder, ; Goldman et al, ). It is worthy to note here that in our idealized reverse fault, the stronger acceleration does not lead to a short rupture time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Wave Interaction of Reverse‐Fault Rupture With Free Surface: Numerical Analysis of the Dynamic Effects and Fault Opening Induced by Symmetry Breaking

et al. 2019

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Several great earthquakes occur on thrust faults along both subduction and continental collision zones. These events often feature a large shallow slip patch, an asymmetric pattern for the ground motion, and the static deformation between the hanging wall and footwall of the fault. From a mechanical point of view, this asymmetry can be partially explained taking into account the interaction between the fault and the seismic radiation emitted during rupture propagation and stored in the hanging wall in the vicinity of the free surface. We numerically investigate the rupture dynamics along a thrust dipping fault impacting onto the free surface at a dip angle of δ = 20°, in a 2‐D elastic model. We show how the wave interaction of the rupture with the free surface leads to a breaking of the reflection symmetry. Compared to a rupture propagating in an infinite medium, this interaction enhances the slip rate in the updip direction as an effect of the coupling between slip and normal traction around the crack front. The breaking of symmetry leads to sizeable acceleration of the rupture toward asymptotic speed with inertia acquisition, and dependence of the rupture dynamics on the level of friction along the interface might produce an interface opening over a finite length in the vicinity of the surface. We finally explore how the wave interaction drives amplification and asymmetry of the shallow slip and the vertical displacement at the surface. The described effects should be considered in various numerical approaches and in interpretation of geophysical observations.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Wave Interaction of Reverse‐Fault Rupture With Free Surface: Numerical Analysis of the Dynamic Effects and Fault Opening Induced by Symmetry Breaking

et al. 2019

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“…Under this condition, the only meaningful yet unknown parameter is fracture energy, which along with measurable rupture speed fully characterizes the deformation fields surrounding the rupture tip. On the other hand, the fact that real materials can only sustain finite stress and strain rate has led to the development of physically sound models to regularize rupture‐tip singularities over some finite scale (Fineberg & Bouchbinder, , and references therein). After regularization, details inside the rupture tip become meaningful and participate in the determination of the deformation fields surrounding the rupture tip.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Estimation of Rupture Properties at Propagating Front of Laboratory Earthquakes

Fukuyama

Yamashita

2019

JGR Solid Earth

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Earthquake rupture propagation along a fault interface depends on the governing friction law.Although a variety of friction laws have been proposed based on measurements made in the lab, uncertainty remains regarding to what extent those measurements capture the true rupture properties. By comparing laboratory earthquakes with numerically simulated ruptures, we find that certain properties inside the rupture front may not always be accessible to direct measurements in the real world, due to a lack of resolution caused by the shrinking size of rupture front zone (Lorentz contraction). Instead, we propose an indirect method to robustly estimate rupture properties of laboratory earthquakes, by simultaneously fitting both the trajectory of rupture front and the detailed strain waveform shape using numerical synthetics. Under the current data resolution and on the basis of a slip-weakening friction model, our method can provide upper bound constraints on slip-weakening distance, in addition to regular constraints on fracture energy. Application of this new method to 26 laboratory earthquakes shows that rupture properties (directivity, propagation speed, fracture energy, and frictional strength) can fluctuate over earthquake cycles. Post hoc examination further suggests that our direct measurements largely reflect the deformation features outside the rupture front. As the same issue on the feasibility of direct measurements inside the rupture front may exist in other studies, our work questions the accuracy of previously derived friction laws, addresses the need for calibrating measurement location and resolution, and provides a means for examining the self-consistency of estimated rupture properties.Plain Language Summary The physics at propagating front of earthquake ruptures is the key to understanding the mechanism of earthquakes. While it is generally assumed that rupture properties can be directly estimated by measurements made close to the fault during laboratory earthquakes, our careful analysis shows that this is not always the case, because the size of rupture front zone can dynamically evolve and decrease below the resolution level of direct measurements. Instead of pursuing direct estimation, we assume a friction model on the fault and aim to infer rupture properties in the framework of the assumed model. By fitting multiple features of data close to the fault using synthetic waveforms generated by numerical simulations, we can constrain the assumed model and improve the estimation of rupture properties. Application of this method to 26 laboratory earthquakes reveals diversity and fluctuation of rupture properties over earthquake cycles. Our work provides an alternative way to study fault friction and dynamic ruptures, which can be further used to enhance the physical understanding of rupture behaviors in the lab and in nature.

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“…However, numerical simulations of acoustic emission do not fully capture the wave phenomena occurring during dynamic crack propagation . This relates to the complexity in the dynamic crack propagation . In the framework of the continuum description, a crack path and its tip velocity are the two problematic issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4] This relates to the complexity in the dynamic crack propagation. [5] In the framework of the continuum description, a crack path and its tip velocity are the two problematic issues. Whereas the crack path can be aligned by boundary conditions, the crack tip velocity should be determined by a kinetic relation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of acoustic emission during crack growth in 3-point bending test

Berezovski

2017

Struct Control Health Monit

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Recent developments in dynamic fracture: some perspectives

Cited by 54 publications

References 229 publications

Wave Interaction of Reverse‐Fault Rupture With Free Surface: Numerical Analysis of the Dynamic Effects and Fault Opening Induced by Symmetry Breaking

Wave Interaction of Reverse‐Fault Rupture With Free Surface: Numerical Analysis of the Dynamic Effects and Fault Opening Induced by Symmetry Breaking

Robust Estimation of Rupture Properties at Propagating Front of Laboratory Earthquakes

Numerical simulation of acoustic emission during crack growth in 3-point bending test

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