Recent Developments Concerning the Dispersion Methods and Mechanisms of Graphene

Liang, Ann J.; Jiang, Xiaosong; Hong, Xin; Jiang, Yixin; Shao, Zhang; Zhu, Donghui

doi:10.3390/coatings8010033

Cited by 101 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Graphene can be bonded to a conventional polymer through electrostatic interaction. Thus, electrostatic spraying facilitates electrostatic adsorption of graphene to PU, which accounts for smooth coating deposition . Fractured surface of 98 PU‐2.0 vol% GrF composite is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐scale damping of graphene foam‐based polyurethane composites synthesized by electrostatic spraying

et al. 2018

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An electrostatic spraying technique was used to synthesize 3D graphene foam (GrF)‐reinforced polyurethane (PU) composites. Glass transition temperature (Tg) of PU increased from 120 to 148 °C after 3.3 vol% GrF addition. Strong interfacial bonding accounts for the improvement in Tg of PU‐GrF composites. Energy dissipation behavior is probed at multiple load scales to examine the intrinsic and structural damping characteristic. Micro‐scale damping at 1 mN and 1,000 Hz exhibited loss tangent value (tan δ), which is 200% higher and 3 times faster than PU. Nano dynamic mechanical analysis of PU‐3.3 vol% GrF composite demonstrated up to 383% tan δ improvement than of PU at 5 μN dynamic load. Physical mechanisms including rippling effect and weak van der Waals forces in graphene account for the high energy dissipation of PU‐GrF composite. This study suggests that PU‐GrF nanocomposites have the potential to serve as a good damping material in vibrating systems. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:E1862–E1870, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐scale damping of graphene foam‐based polyurethane composites synthesized by electrostatic spraying

et al. 2018

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“…As the RGO mass content increases, more and more conductive networks in the film are formed and the conductivity of the composite film gradually increases. However, the excessive RGO in the slurry tends to form large agglomerations, which results in poor dispersion [21]. Typically, graphene is prone to aggregate and precipitate irreversibly in a variety of matrices due to its insolubility, van der Waals forces, and π-π stacking between RGO sheets [21].…”

Section: Electrical and Thermal Properties Of Rgo/ncc-tpu Filmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, they may replace the metals in some applications [10][11][12][13]. However, the poor interfacial compatibility between conductive nanomaterial with a polymer matrix results in the poor dispersion [20,21].Among them, graphene, which is a two-dimensional nanomaterial, is receiving growing interest and is widely used in sensors, field-effect transistors, energy, and gas storage, etc. [22][23][24][25][26].…”

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Properties of Graphene-Thermoplastic Polyurethane Flexible Conductive Film

et al. 2020

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Flexible conductive films were prepared via a convenient blending method with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) as matrix and nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) modified chemically reduced graphene oxide (RGO/NCC) as the conductive fillers. The relationships between the electrical and thermal properties as well as the tensile strength and electrothermal response performance of the composite film and the mass content of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and the initial TPU concentration were systematically investigated. The experimental results show that the resistivity of the composite film with the mass content of RGO/NCC of 7 wt% and an initial TPU concentration of 20 wt% is the minimum of 8.1 Ω·mm. However, the thermal conductivity of composite film with mass content of RGO/NCC of 5 wt% and the initial TPU concentration of 30 wt% reaches a maximum of 0.3464 W·m−1·K−1, which is an increase of 56% compared with pure TPU. The tensile strength of the composite films with mass contents of RGO of 3 wt% prepared with the initial TPU concentrations of 20 wt% reaches the maximum of 43.2 MPa, which increases by a factor of 1.5 (the tensile strength of the pure TPU is 28.9 MPa). The composite conductive film has a fast electrothermal response. Furthermore, superhydrophobic composite conductive films were prepared by immersing the composite conductive film into fluorinated decyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (F-POSS) ethanol solution. The water contact angle of the superhydrophobic composite conductive film reaches 158.19° and the resistivity of the superhydrophobic composite film slightly increases and still has good conductivity.

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“…The graphite surface was electropolymerized with 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid to reveal a specific sequence of the mycobacterium tuberculosis genome [82]. Due to the important technological implications, there is a rich literature dedicated to the solubilization of graphene [83][84][85]. The lack of graphene surface polarities causes an easy aggregation and precipitation in a variety of matrices.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Role of Functionalization in the Applications of Carbon Materials: An Overview

Speranza

2019

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The carbon-based materials (CbMs) refer to a class of substances in which the carbon atoms can assume different hybridization states (sp 1 , sp 2 , sp 3 ) leading to different allotropic structures -. In these substances, the carbon atoms can form robust covalent bonds with other carbon atoms or with a vast class of metallic and non-metallic elements, giving rise to an enormous number of compounds from small molecules to long chains to solids. This is one of the reasons why the carbon chemistry is at the basis of the organic chemistry and the biochemistry from which life on earth was born. In this context, the surface chemistry assumes a substantial role dictating the physical and chemical properties of the carbon-based materials. Different functionalities are obtained by bonding carbon atoms with heteroatoms (mainly oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur) determining a certain reactivity of the compound which otherwise is rather weak. This holds for classic materials such as the diamond, the graphite, the carbon black and the porous carbon but functionalization is widely applied also to the carbon nanostructures which came at play mainly in the last two decades. As a matter of fact, nowadays, in addition to fabrication of nano and porous structures, the functionalization of CbMs is at the basis of a number of applications as catalysis, energy conversion, sensing, biomedicine, adsorption etc. This work is dedicated to the modification of the surface chemistry reviewing the different approaches also considering the different macro and nano allotropic forms of carbon.C 2019, 5, 84 3 of 45 narrow graphite-like interconnected layers. This leads to a closed pore rigid structure that is chemically inert, hard but brittle [48][49][50].Due to the highly resistant, conductive, and inert network, glassy carbons are utilized in a series of rather different applications. They are utilized as electrodes in solid state batteries and in industrial harsh chemical processes where also high temperatures are involved such as crystallization of CaF2, CdS and ZnS. Glassy carbon can be utilized to manufacture high temperature furnace elements. Due to the chemical inertness, glassy carbons are utilized also in fabrication of protheses. Porous carbon and carbon black are much softer. Generally, in industrial applications important is the extension of the surface which is exposed to the external environment. The porous carbon is characterized by a high specific surface area enhancing the interaction with the external medium. Although it possesses a lower conductivity with respect to glassy carbon, the high porosity and the presence of active sites makes it a good material to fabricate electrodes for applications in electrochemistry [51][52][53] and bioelectrodes for sensing and stimulation [54,55].The same holds for the carbon black mainly utilized as additive in rubbers and polymers to improve their mechanical properties, or as a pigment [56] although new potentialities have been recently envisaged [57].Common to all the forms of carbon which are bri...

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Recent Developments Concerning the Dispersion Methods and Mechanisms of Graphene

Cited by 101 publications

References 122 publications

Multi‐scale damping of graphene foam‐based polyurethane composites synthesized by electrostatic spraying

Multi‐scale damping of graphene foam‐based polyurethane composites synthesized by electrostatic spraying

Properties of Graphene-Thermoplastic Polyurethane Flexible Conductive Film

The Role of Functionalization in the Applications of Carbon Materials: An Overview

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