Recent developments and applications of capillary and microchip electrophoresis in proteomic and peptidomic analyses

Abstract

This review presents recent developments and applications of capillary and microchip electromigration methods in proteomics and peptidomics. Sample preparation methods as well as instrumental innovations in the coupling of these advanced electromigration methods with mass spectrometry detection employed in proteomic and peptidomic analyses are presented. Interesting applications of various capillary electromigration methods in bottom-up as well as top-down proteomics, including investigation of post-translational modifications of proteins are described. In addition, several examples of the use of capillary electromigration methods combined with mass spectrometry detection in clinical proteomics and peptidomics are demonstrated.

Number of theoretical plates achievable by a toroidal capillary electrophoresis system

“…CE has the potential to separate such compounds and some isotopomers were separated using “flow counterbalanced CE” . Beside enantiomers (metabolites, pharmaceuticals, monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, coordination compounds or complexes, and others) , there are several additional classes of compounds that remain hard to separate, such as nanoparticles , aptamer‐target pairs , peptides made up by alternating l and d amino acids , peptide and protein conformers , whole peptidomes and proteomes , to mention just a few.…”

Investigation of multivalent interactions between conjugate of quantum dots with c‐Myc peptide tag and the anti‐c‐Myc antibody by capillary electrophoresis with fluorescence detection

“…CE–FL is widely used in biological, environmental, pharmaceutical, toxicology, clinical, and food analysis . A great application potential of CE for analysis of peptides and proteins and for investigation of their complexes has been found . The values were on the same order as those calculated from ELISA assays .…”

Recent advances in protein analysis by capillary and microchip electrophoresis

“…Recent reviews highlight the use of CZE and CE-ESI-MS for bottom-up proteomics, 18, 19, 143, 144 and CE and MCE methods for top-down proteomics including investigation of post-translational modifications (PTMs). 18 These reviews include advances that have been made for CE interfacing to ESI-MS, electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MADLI-MS). A review in early 2017 covered the combination of electrokinetic and chromatographic techniques for proteomics to highlight the use of these complimentary techniques for advancing protein identification.…”

“…Recent review articles have been published highlighting protein analyses by CE, 16 MCE, 17 and in proteomics. 18, 19 Our review highlights the most important developments regarding protein analysis using CE and MCE. Specifically, new advances in overcoming protein adsorption for CE and MCE methods, the use of various CE modes for protein analysis, the development of novel materials for MCE, interfacing CE with MS detection for protein analysis, further enhancements in preconcentration technique for improved sensitivity, and developments of CE/MCE in the applications of proteomics and protein therapeutics.…”