Recent Development of Bearing Steel in Japan

Uesugi, Toshikazu

doi:10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.74.10_1889

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Oxide inclusions have been associated with initiation of the failure process 1–4 of steel components, such as bearings, crankshafts and gears in particular, where high fatigue strength and long lifetimes under dynamic loading are required. Non‐metallic inclusions are an unavoidable consequence of the steel manufacturing and processing operations 5 although strenuous efforts are made to minimize them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue tolerant design of steel components based on the size of large inclusions

Yates

Shi

Atkinson

et al. 2002

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fatigue failures in high strength steel components often originate from large, brittle inclusions. The durability of the components is strongly dependent on the size of the inclusions and the magnitude of the local stresses caused by the applied loads. A successful design must consider both the size and the number of large inclusions as well as the stress distribution arising from the geometry and loading of the component. This paper presents a new approach to the safe fatigue design of steel components based on the size distribution of large inclusions in a component with a given stress distribution. The procedure is illustrated using the example of the stress distribution around a hole in a plate, with the size of large inclusions in a large volume of steel estimated by the Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD) method. It is found that the single largest inclusion is unlikely to lie in a highly stressed volume, but that the more frequently occurring slightly smaller inclusions contribute more to the probability of a fatigue failure. Knowledge of the shape of the size distribution over a range of large sizes, not solely that of the largest size, is therefore essential. The new approach offers a quantitative measure of the improvement in durability to be expected from reduction of the design stress range of a component and from improvements in steel cleanness.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue tolerant design of steel components based on the size of large inclusions

Yates

Shi

Atkinson

et al. 2002

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1) Non-metallic inclusions play an essential role in the length of the rolling contact fatigue (RCF) life, as fatigue cracks start growing from subsurface-located inclusions where the shear stress reaches its maximum. [2][3][4][5] Aluminum is main deoxidizer and Al2O3 is mainly deoxidation products in bearing steel. Hashimoto et al 2) have studied the relationship between RCF and various oxide inclusions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mg and Ca Treatment on Behavior and Particle Size of Inclusions in Bearing Steels

Bao

Wang

et al. 2014

ISIJ Int.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of Mg and Ca treatment on the behavior and the particle size of inclusions in bearing steels were studied by industrial experiments and thermodynamic calculations. The results showed that the excess addition of Mg wires is not conducive to control the total oxygen content in bearing steel because of the secondary oxidation. The irregular and clustered Al2O3 inclusions are the dominant in the aluminium killed bearing steels. The different quantity Mg wires were added, which can change the irregular and clustered Al2O3 inclusions into the spherical MgO or MgO·Al2O3 inclusions. When the Ca addition is insufficient, the Al2O3 and MgO·Al2O3 inclusions could not completely change into the spherical CaO-MgOAl2O3 system inclusions. By the three-dimensional morphologies analyze, Al2O3 inclusions are easy to gather and the size of clustered Al2O3 inclusions is large. By the Mg or Ca treatment, the size of Al2O3 inclusions can be reduced, but the large size CaO inclusions are brought into steel after the Ca treatment.

show abstract

“…5-Effect of oxide-inclusion content on fatigue life of bearing steels (lifetime defined as revolutions until fatigue flaking of the surfaces of inner and outer rings or steel balls). [14] surface (Figures 14(c) and 16(b) [79] ). The maximum observed size of inclusions in steel from slag entrainment and from refractory erosion is given in Figure 17.…”

Section: B Exogenous Inclusions In Steelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11] The life of bearing steels greatly depends on controlling the amount of nonmetallic inclusions, hard aluminum oxides, and especially large oxides over 30 mm. [12][13][14] Figure 5 shows the relationship between the bearing life and the oxygen content of steel. [14] Lowering the amount of large inclusions by lowering the oxygen content to 3 to 6 ppm has extended bearing life by almost 30 times in comparison with steels containing 20 ppm oxygen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

State of the art in the control of inclusions during steel ingot casting

Zhang

Thomas

2006

Metall Mater Trans B

245

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article extensively reviews published research on inclusions in ingot steel and defects on ingot products, methods to measure and detect inclusions in steel, the causes of exogenous inclusions, and the transport and entrapment of inclusions during fluid flow, segregation, and solidification of steel cast in ingot molds. Exogenous inclusions in ingots originate mainly from reoxidation of the molten steel, slag entrapment, and lining erosion, which are detailed in this article. The measures to prevent the formation of exogenous inclusions and improve their removal are provided, which are very useful for the clean steel production of ingot industries.

show abstract

Recent Development of Bearing Steel in Japan

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Fatigue tolerant design of steel components based on the size of large inclusions

Fatigue tolerant design of steel components based on the size of large inclusions

Effect of Mg and Ca Treatment on Behavior and Particle Size of Inclusions in Bearing Steels

State of the art in the control of inclusions during steel ingot casting

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About