Recent deformation of Quaternary sediments as inferred from GPR images and shallow P-wave velocity tomograms: Northwest Canterbury Plains, New Zealand

Carpentier, S.; Green, A.G.; Doetsch, Joseph; Dorn, Caroline; Kaiser, Anna; Campbell, Fiona; Horstmeyer, Heinrich; Finnemore, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2011.09.007

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Zhang et al (2015) illustrated that GPR is capable of detecting stratigraphic units in the Yushu area which has an extreme natural environment [54]. Compared with the single frequency GPR survey on the Yushu strike-slip fault or other strike-slip faults around the world [54,[76][77][78], a multi-frequency GPR profile has the great advantage of imaging the detailed shallow geometry of active faults at different depths and spatial resolutions to improve the interpreted results. The 25 MHz GPR profile has a much better quality than other frequency GPR data in the Yushu area.…”

Section: Muti-frequency Gpr Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing the Geometry of the Yushu Fault in the Tibetan Plateau Using TLS, GPR and Trenching

Zhang

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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Although geomorphic evidence and shallow geometry of active faults are significant for the understanding and assessing of fault activity and seismic hazards, it is challenging to acquire high-resolution topographic data and shallow geometry of the Yushu fault by conventional methods. Here, we present a case study to reconstruct the detailed surficial and subsurface geometry of the Yushu fault using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), multi-frequency ground penetrating radar (GPR) and trenching. TLS was suitable for measuring the high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) topographic data of the fault. GPR surveys with different frequency antennas (25 MHz, 100 MHz, 250 MHz and 500 MHz) were conducted to image the shallow geometry of active faults at different depths and spatial resolutions. The typical groove landscape, parallel to surface traces of the fault, was clearly observed on the TLS-derived data. A ~40 m width narrow fault system and three faults were identified on the different frequency GPR profiles. Furthermore, faults F1 and F2 were supposed to be boundary faults but were sinistral-lateral strike-slip faults with a normal component, while fault F3 was inferred as the secondary fault. The western trench section, despite the limited investigation depth (~2 m), was well consistent with the 500 MHz GPR result, especially in the location of fault F2. Finally, a 3D surficial and subsurface model was established from the TLS-derived data and GPR data offering multi-sensor and multi-view spatial data to characterize and understand the fault’s kinematics and characteristics. In addition, the shallow geometry of the fault on the GPR results would be better interpreted with the help of the corresponding surficial data. The study results demonstrate that a combination of TLS, multi-frequency GPRs and trenching can be successfully used for reconstructing a detailed surficial and subsurface geometry of the Yushu fault. It will play an increasing role in comprehensive understanding and assessing fault behavior and seismic hazards, especially on the Tibetan Plateau and the adjacent area.

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Section: Muti-frequency Gpr Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing the Geometry of the Yushu Fault in the Tibetan Plateau Using TLS, GPR and Trenching

Zhang

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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“…Moreover, urban buildings and hardened ground will seriously affect the layout of surveying lines, and uneven site conditions caused by ground excavation will reduce the data quality. At present, the geophysical prospecting methods of urban buried active faults include seismic method [8][9][10], electromagnetic method [11][12][13][14][15][16][17], resistivity [18][19][20][21][22], magnetic method [23][24][25], and gravity method [26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of combined electrical resistivity tomography and seismic reflection method to explore hidden active faults in Pingwu, Sichuan, China

Meng

Zhang

et al. 2020

Open Geosciences

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AbstractPingwu County, which is located at the northern end of the Longmenshan fault structural belt, has an active regional geological structure. For a long time, the Longmenshan fault tectonic belt has become intensely active with frequent earthquakes. According to the existing geological data, the Pingwu–Qingchuan fault passes through the urban area of Pingwu. However, because of the great changes in the original landform of Pingwu caused by the construction activities in this urban area, a precise judgment of the location of the Pingwu–Qingchuan fault according to the new landform characteristics is difficult. Here, the seismic reflection method, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), and drilling method were used to determine the accurate location of the buried active faults in Pingwu County. The seismic reflection method and ERT are used to determine the location of faults, the thickness of overlying strata of the fault, and the basic characteristics of faults. The drilling data can be used to divide the bedrock lithology and confirm the geophysical results. The geological model of the faults can be constructed by 3D inversion of ERT, and the structural characteristics of the faults can be viewed intuitively. The results of this study can provide a basis for earthquake prevention and construction work in Pingwu. The finding also shows that seismic reflection method and ERT can effectively explore buried active faults in urban areas, where many sources of interferences may exist.

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“…[4] Paleoseismological studies based on onshore surface mapping, examination of trenches and borehole cores, and age dating of representative samples have provided estimates of fault offset and timing in New Zealand, but usually only for the upper few meters of the Earth that have been affected by late Holocene deformation [Beanland et al, 1989;Berryman et al, 1992Berryman et al, , 1998Van Dissen and Berryman, 1996;Yetton 1998Yetton , 2002Langridge and Berryman, 2005;Villamor and Berryman, 2001, 2006a, 2006bVillamor et al, 2007;Langridge et al, 2010Langridge et al, , 2012. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) investigations have supplied additional details on fault geometry to greater depths of~20 m and earlier periods in the Holocene [Yetton and Nobes, 1998;Gross et al, 2004;McClymont et al, 2008aMcClymont et al, , 2008bMcClymont et al, , 2009aMcClymont et al, , 2009bMcClymont et al, , 2010Tronicke et al, 2006;Wallace et al, 2010;Carpentier et al, 2010Carpentier et al, , 2011Carpentier et al, , 2012. To provide fault geometry information deeper in the Earth and farther back in time, highresolution seismic reflection methods have been employed both onshore [Ghisetti et al, 2007;Kaiser et al, 2009Kaiser et al, , 2011Campbell et al, 2010aCampbell et al, , 2010bDorn et al, 2010aDorn et al, , 2010b and offshore [Taylor et al, 2004;Bull et al, 2006;Lamarche et al, 2006].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic imaging of the Alpine Fault near Inchbonnie, New Zealand

et al. 2013

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The transpressive Alpine Fault is the boundary between the Pacific and Australian plates across the South Island of New Zealand. Earthquakes on the Alpine Fault and related structures pose a serious risk to many urban centers, including the city of Christchurch. Although it is a major feature on satellite images, the Alpine Fault is a difficult target for surface studies along much of its length; it mostly traverses densely forested and mountainous terrain and where it occurs in the lowlands it is usually covered by recent sediments. To investigate the Alpine Fault at a rare accessible location (Inchbonnie), we have acquired high‐resolution seismic reflection data along five 380–1200 m long lines. Images produced from these data reveal a glacially overdeepened valley containing a thick sequence of diverse glacigenic sediments that have been disrupted by three en echelon strands of the principal Alpine Fault and several secondary fault strands. Based on their seismic facies, the sedimentary sequence is interpreted to comprise basal lacustrine beds overlain successively by alluvial‐colluvial deposits that possibly include the remnants of large landslides, deltaic‐fan units, and braided river gravels. Whereas the principal Alpine Fault strands disrupt the entire post‐glacial sedimentary section and likely offset basement at depths up to 400 m, most of the secondary faults either merge with the principal fault strands at shallow depths or are surficial features limited to the sedimentary section.

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Recent deformation of Quaternary sediments as inferred from GPR images and shallow P-wave velocity tomograms: Northwest Canterbury Plains, New Zealand

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Reconstructing the Geometry of the Yushu Fault in the Tibetan Plateau Using TLS, GPR and Trenching

Reconstructing the Geometry of the Yushu Fault in the Tibetan Plateau Using TLS, GPR and Trenching

Application of combined electrical resistivity tomography and seismic reflection method to explore hidden active faults in Pingwu, Sichuan, China

Seismic imaging of the Alpine Fault near Inchbonnie, New Zealand

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