Recent changes in prevalence pattern of Japanese encephalitis virus in hyogo prefecture, Japan, using a two‐dimensional distribution of IgG and IgM class antibody levels in swine sera

Yamaoka, Masaoki; Konishi, Eiji

doi:10.1002/jmv.1890170102

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…1989). The zoonotic cycle is from large water birds to culicine mosquitoes, while swine act as amplifying hosts (Yamaoka & Konishi 1985; Singh & Rao 1988). Man is an incidental host and infrequently develops sufficient viremia to infect mosquitoes (Burke & Leake 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical review and surveillance of Japanese encephalitis, Republic of Korea, 2002–2004

Kim

Turell

O’Guinn

et al. 2007

Entomological Research

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Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), transmitted by culicine mosquitoes, is endemic throughout much of South‐East Asia, extending to the Korean Peninsula. The zoonotic cycle is from large water birds to culicine mosquitoes, with swine as an amplifying host and man as an incidental host. Culex tritaeniorhynchus, the primary JEV vector in the Republic of Korea, populations peak in late August through to early September when most cases of Japanese encephalitis (JE) are reported. Cx. tritaeniorhynchus were observed near the Demilitarized Zone in each of the years that mosquitoes were assayed for JEV. Each year that vector mosquitoes were assayed for JEV, minimum field infection rates (number of JEV positive mosquites/1000 Cx. tritaeniorhynchus assayed) ranged from 0.31 to 3.27. The epidemiology of JE has been recorded in Korea for more than half a century, from 1949 to 2005. During a major epidemic in 1949, there were 5616 cases and 2729 deaths reported, with levels persisting near epidemic levels of 1000 cases annually thereafter until 1969. Following the introduction and government mandated mass immunization in 1971, JE decreased dramatically. Since 1984, 0–6 cases of JE have been reported each year. However, continued evidence of mosquitoes positive for JEV indicates that JE continues to be a civilian and military health threat to immunocompromised persons in Korea, as well as non‐immune US soldiers, civilians and their family members.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical review and surveillance of Japanese encephalitis, Republic of Korea, 2002–2004

Kim

Turell

O’Guinn

et al. 2007

Entomological Research

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“…6 The occurrence of human JE virus infection is primarily the result of living in close proximity with the primary vertebrate hosts, swine and birds. [7][8][9] While the risk of human infection can be reduced by the immunization of pigs, the most effective means of controlling human JE virus infection is human vaccination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth characteristics of the chimeric Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine candidate, ChimeriVax-JE (YF/JE SA14--14--2), in Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Aedes albopictus, and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

Bhatt¹,

Crabtree²,

Guirakhoo³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus vaccine candidate, ChimeriVax-JE, which consists of a yellow fever (YF) 17D virus backbone containing the prM and E genes from the JE vaccine strain JE SA14-14-2, exhibits restricted replication in non-human primates, producing only a low-level viremia following peripheral inoculation. Although this reduces the likelihood that hematophagous insects could become infected by feeding on a vaccinated host, it is prudent to investigate the replication kinetics of the vaccine virus in mosquito species that are known to vector the viruses from which the chimera is derived. In this study ChimeriVax-JE virus was compared to its parent viruses, as well as to wild-type JE virus, for its ability to replicate in Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Aedes albopictus, and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Individual mosquitoes were exposed to the viruses by oral ingestion of a virus-laden blood meal or by intrathoracic (IT) virus inoculation. ChimeriVax-JE virus did not replicate following ingestion by any of the three mosquito species. Additionally, replication was not detected after IT inoculation of ChimeriVax-JE in the primary JE virus vector, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. ChimeriVax-JE exhibited moderate growth following IT inoculation into Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, reaching titers of 3.6-5.0 log 10 PFU/mosquito. There was no change in the virus genotype associated with replication in mosquitoes. Similar results were observed in mosquitoes of all three species that were IT inoculated or had orally ingested the YF 17D vaccine virus. In contrast, all mosquitoes either IT inoculated with or orally fed wild-type and vaccine JE viruses became infected, reaching maximum titers of 5.4-7.3 log 10 PFU/mosquito. These results indicate that ChimeriVax-JE virus is restricted in its ability to infect and replicate in these mosquito vectors. The low viremia caused by ChimeriVax-JE in primates and poor infectivity for mosquitoes are safeguards against secondary spread of the vaccine virus.

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Prevalence of antibody to Japanese encephalitis virus nonstructural 1 protein among racehorses in Japan: indication of natural infection and need for continuous vaccination

Konishi

Shoda

Kondo

2004

Vaccine

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Recent changes in prevalence pattern of Japanese encephalitis virus in hyogo prefecture, Japan, using a two‐dimensional distribution of IgG and IgM class antibody levels in swine sera

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Historical review and surveillance of Japanese encephalitis, Republic of Korea, 2002–2004

Historical review and surveillance of Japanese encephalitis, Republic of Korea, 2002–2004

Growth characteristics of the chimeric Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine candidate, ChimeriVax-JE (YF/JE SA14--14--2), in Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Aedes albopictus, and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

Prevalence of antibody to Japanese encephalitis virus nonstructural 1 protein among racehorses in Japan: indication of natural infection and need for continuous vaccination

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