Recent Block-based Methods of Copy-Move Forgery Detection in Digital Images

Abstract

Photographs are taken as valid evidences in various scenarios of our day to day life. Because of the developments in the field of Image Processing, altering images according to ones need is not a difficult task. Techniques of Image Forensics play its crucial role at this juncture. One of the mostly found types of image tampering is Copy-Move forgery. A copymove forgery is performed by copying a region in an image and pasting it on another region in the same image, mostly after some form of post-processing like rotation, scaling, blurring, noise addition, JPEG compression etc. Two types of copy-move forgery detection techniques exist in literature. They are the Block based methods and Key-point based methods. Both the methods have their own advantages and limitations. This paper presents a survey on the recent developments in block based methods.

Reviewing the Effectivity Factor in Existing Techniques of Image Forensics

“…Hence, keeping the similar attack and working over the similar datasets of tampered image, the existing techniques have presented various forms of algorithm towards such attack. However, there are also other forms of attacks being possibly created by other un-discussed image editing tools that were never being considered [55]. For an example, image splicing operation created by two different image editing tools is very less likely to be identified with similar performance by one algorithm.…”

Copy‐for‐duplication forgery detection in colour images using QPCETMs and sub‐image approach

“…In the third step, a matching method is applied to determine the similarity between the feature vectors. Additional post processing step is done to localise the forged region in the image and to check the accuracy of the CMFD method [7,8].…”

A Survey Of Digital Image Tampering Techniques

“…An example of digital forgery was seen in a Tunisian newspaper in which a photo was altered duplicating the crowd to appear large [9]. Another example as shown in Figure 1 displays the altered photograph released by Iran showing four missiles instead of three [2].…”