Recent Advances on Renal Toxicity of Engineered Nanoparticles-A Review

Vs, Rana Suresh

doi:10.23937/2572-4061.1510036

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…It is worth noting that NPs can reach various organs, including the kidney, liver, and spleen, through the circulatory system, irrespective of the route of exposure ( 36 ). The kidney, being the primary site for excretion, is particularly susceptible to the adverse effects of NP toxicity, which can impact renal function ( 37 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Fibrosis and Oxidative Stress Induced by Silica Nanoparticles in Male Rats and Its Molecular Mechanisms

Aouey,

Boukholda,

Ciobica

et al. 2024

Iran J Pharm Res

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Background: The utilization of amorphous silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) is gaining popularity in various applications, but it poses a potential risk to human and environmental health. However, the underlying causes and mechanisms of SiNPs-induced kidney damage are still largely unknown. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the SiNPs-induced damage in the kidney and further explore the possible mechanisms of SiNPs-induced nephrotoxicity. Methods: Thirty adult male rats were divided into 3 different groups. Rats in groups 2 and 3 were administered SiNPs at 2 dosage levels (25 and 100 mg/kg of body weight), while the rats in the control group received no treatment for 28 days. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzyme activities (glutathione peroxidase [GPx], superoxide dismutase [SOD], and catalase [CAT]), glutathione (GSH) levels, and oxidation markers (such as lipid peroxidation [malondialdehyde (MDA)] and protein oxidation [protein carbonyl (PCO)]) were analyzed in the kidney tissue. Additionally, renal fibrogenesis was studied through histopathological examination and the expression levels of fibrotic biomarkers. Results: The findings revealed that in vivo treatment with SiNPs significantly triggered oxidative stress in kidney tissues in a dose-dependent manner. This was characterized by increased production of ROS, elevated levels of MDA, PCO, and nitric oxide (NO), along with a significant decline in the activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, and reduced GSH. These changes were consistent with the histopathological analysis, which indicated interstitial fibrosis with mononuclear inflammatory cell aggregation, tubular degeneration, glomerulonephritis, and glomerular atrophy. The fibrosis index was confirmed using Masson's trichrome staining. Additionally, there was a significant upregulation of fibrosis-related genes, including transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP-2/9), whereas the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2) was downregulated. Conclusions: This study provided a new research clue for the role of ROS and deregulated TGF-β signaling pathway in SiNPs nephrotoxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Fibrosis and Oxidative Stress Induced by Silica Nanoparticles in Male Rats and Its Molecular Mechanisms

Aouey,

Boukholda,

Ciobica

et al. 2024

Iran J Pharm Res

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“…In the next decade, most materials will be in the nanoscale forms of existing goods such as titanium dioxide, silica, clays, polymers, metal powders, and chemicals. There has been a limited amount of research on the toxicity of CNTs and fullerenes [79][80][81]. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no methodical study of the hydrolytic, oxidative, photochemical, and biological stability of nanomaterials in natural and engineered environmental systems that have been published in peerreviewed literature.…”

Section: Nanomaterials and Water Purification Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desalination and Non-potable Water Remediation Using Nanotechnology Based Membranes - A Review

Govindharaj,

Girigoswami,

Girigoswami

2023

Curr. Appl. Sci. Technol.

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Potable water plays its role in many fields, including agriculture, energy production, and industries, which increases the demand for potable water in society. In order to meet the need for clean drinking water, desalination and purification play a leading role. When desalination is mentioned, the subject of membrane technology often covers its attention, and in this review, we have discussed membrane-based desalination. Advances in nanotechnology and membrane engineering have provided a new platform for enhanced performance in membrane filtration. The hybrid membranes made from a combination of different nanostructures have yielded high precision and durable membranes which are cost- effective. The membranes that incorporate in nanotechnology cannot only remove very small particles from contaminated water, but also remove sulfate, phosphate, magnesium, and calcium- dissolved compounds with multivalent ions. The nanomembranes are more energy efficient also. The different nano-scale materials used in membrane preparation along with their performance have been discussed. The peaks and valleys of the development of nanomaterials for desalination purpose provide a clear view of the upcoming era of membrane desalination.

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“…Similar to every drug, nanoparticles are, to a certain level, toxic [94]. For example, NPs, can translocate across biological barriers and affect secondary target organs [95], they can have adverse effects on certain cancer cells (e.g., activate cancer cells instead of damaging them) [96], agglomerate on the surface of other cells, such as endothelial cells [97] and platelets [98], or form cluster with a large HD [97], influencing their renal excretion resulting in an increased lifetime in the body. Therefore, efforts have to be dedicated to designing NPs to reduce their toxicity.…”

Section: Future and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology, Nanomedicine, and the Kidney

et al. 2021

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The kidneys are vital organs performing several essential functions. Their primary function is the filtration of blood and the removal of metabolic waste products as well as fluid homeostasis. Renal filtration is the main pathway for drug removal, highlighting the importance of this organ to the growing field of nanomedicine. The kidneys (i) have a key role in the transport and clearance of nanoparticles (NPs), (ii) are exposed to potential NPs’ toxicity, and (iii) are the targets of diseases that nanomedicine can study, detect, and treat. In this review, we aim to summarize the latest research on kidney-nanoparticle interaction. We first give a brief overview of the kidney’s anatomy and renal filtration, describe how nanoparticle characteristics influence their renal clearance, and the approaches taken to image and treat the kidney, including drug delivery and tissue engineering. Finally, we discuss the future and some of the challenges faced by nanomedicine.

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Recent Advances on Renal Toxicity of Engineered Nanoparticles-A Review

Cited by 8 publications

References 87 publications

Renal Fibrosis and Oxidative Stress Induced by Silica Nanoparticles in Male Rats and Its Molecular Mechanisms

Renal Fibrosis and Oxidative Stress Induced by Silica Nanoparticles in Male Rats and Its Molecular Mechanisms

Desalination and Non-potable Water Remediation Using Nanotechnology Based Membranes - A Review

Nanotechnology, Nanomedicine, and the Kidney

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