Recent advances on formation, transformation, occurrence, and analytical strategy of modified mycotoxins in cereals and their products

Tan, Hongxia; Zhou, Hongyuan; Guo, Ting; Zhou, Ying; Zhang, Qi; Zhang, Yuhao; Ma, Liang

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134752

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Meanwhile, FB 1 and OTA belong to group 2B. The trichothecenes encompass a substantial array of mycotoxins, where deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) are the most commonly contaminated in harvested products such as maize and wheat. ,, In light of the widespread contamination and toxicity of mycotoxins in cereals, feeds, and other consumables, stringent limits for the major mycotoxins in grains have been established by many countries . However, the co-occurrence of multiple mycotoxins in cereals presents a complex challenge due to potential interactions among these compounds. , Thus, developing a reliable and robust method for accurately quantifying multiple mycotoxins in cereals holds paramount significance. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating a Multiple Isotopologue Reaction-Monitoring Technique and LC-MS/MS for Quantitation of Small Molecules: Ten Mycotoxins in Cereals as an Example

Sun,

Li,

Tan

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Accurate quantification of mycotoxin in cereals is crucial for ensuring food safety and human health. However, the preparation of traditional multisample external calibration curves (MSCCs) is labor-intensive and error-prone. Here, a multiple isotopologue reaction-monitoring (MIRM)-LC-MS/MS method for accurate quantitation of ten major mycotoxins in cereals was successfully developed and validated, where a novel one-sample multipoint calibration curve (OSCC) strategy is used instead of MSCCs. The OSCC can be established by examining the correlation between the calculated theoretical isotopic abundances and the measured abundance across various MIRM channels. In comparison to the MSCC, the OSCC strategy exhibits outstanding performance including superior selectivity, accuracy (78.4−108.6%), and precision (<12.5%). Furthermore, the proposed OSCC-MIRM-LC-MS/MS method was successfully applied to investigate mycotoxin contamination in cereal samples in China. Considering the advantages of simplified workflows and improved throughput, the OSCC-MIRM-LC-MS/MS methodology holds great promise for accurately quantifying chemical contaminants in foods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating a Multiple Isotopologue Reaction-Monitoring Technique and LC-MS/MS for Quantitation of Small Molecules: Ten Mycotoxins in Cereals as an Example

Sun,

Li,

Tan

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Furthermore, Fusarium mycotoxins can be converted into modified forms, known as modified mycotoxins, by plants, microorganisms, and chemical or physical approaches during processing, such as acid, alkali, heat, pressure, and irradiation. The modified mycotoxins can coexist with their parent forms 14 . Among these, the modified mycotoxins generated as a result of plant defense mechanisms, primarily via glucosylation catalyzed by uridine diphosphate‐glucosyltransferases, are known as masked mycotoxins 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium mycotoxins: The major food contaminants

Qu,

Ren,

et al. 2024

mLife

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Mycotoxins, which are secondary metabolites produced by toxicogenic fungi, are natural food toxins that cause acute and chronic adverse reactions in humans and animals. The genus Fusarium is one of three major genera of mycotoxin‐producing fungi. Trichothecenes, fumonisins, and zearalenone are the major Fusarium mycotoxins that occur worldwide. Fusarium mycotoxins have the potential to infiltrate the human food chain via contamination during crop production and food processing, eventually threatening human health. The occurrence and development of Fusarium mycotoxin contamination will change with climate change, especially with variations in temperature, precipitation, and carbon dioxide concentration. To address these challenges, researchers have built a series of effective models to forecast the occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins and provide guidance for crop production. Fusarium mycotoxins frequently exist in food products at extremely low levels, thus necessitating the development of highly sensitive and reliable detection techniques. Numerous successful detection methods have been developed to meet the requirements of various situations, and an increasing number of methods are moving toward high‐throughput features. Although Fusarium mycotoxins cannot be completely eliminated, numerous agronomic, chemical, physical, and biological methods can lower Fusarium mycotoxin contamination to safe levels during the preharvest and postharvest stages. These theoretical innovations and technological advances have the potential to facilitate the development of comprehensive strategies for effectively managing Fusarium mycotoxin contamination in the future.

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“…Therefore, albumin can be a cheaper and widely available alternative of antibodies, which may have high importance with regard to emerging mycotoxins and masked/modified metabolites (where antibodies are typically not commercially available). The analytical extraction, purification, and quantification of modified mycotoxin derivatives are very challenging, due to the distinct physicochemical properties of these metabolites compared to their parent mycotoxins [ 24 ]. Insoluble CD polymers can effectively extract certain xenobiotics from aqueous solutions; therefore, they may be applied for the treatment of wastewater and/or for the removal of toxicants, pollutants, or pharmaceutical residues from aqueous matrices [ 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing Serum Albumins and Cyclodextrins as Binders of the Mycotoxin Metabolites Alternariol-3-Glucoside, Alternariol-9-Monomethylether-3-Glucoside, and Zearalenone-14-Glucuronide

et al. 2023

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Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites of molds. Chronic exposure to alternariol, zearalenone, and their metabolites may cause the development of endocrine-disrupting and carcinogenic effects. Alternariol-3-glucoside (AG) and alternariol-9-monomethylether-3-glucoside (AMG) are masked derivatives of alternariol. Furthermore, in mammals, zearalenone-14-glucuronide (Z14Glr) is one of the most dominant metabolites of zearalenone. In this study, we examined serum albumins and cyclodextrins (CDs) as potential binders of AG, AMG, and Z14Glr. The most important results/conclusions were as follows: AG and AMG formed moderately strong complexes with human, bovine, porcine, and rat albumins. Rat albumin bound Z14Glr approximately 4.5-fold stronger than human albumin. AG–albumin and Z14Glr–albumin interactions were barely influenced by the environmental pH, while the formation of AMG–albumin complexes was strongly favored by alkaline conditions. Among the mycotoxin–CD complexes examined, AMG–sugammadex interaction proved to be the most stable. CD bead polymers decreased the mycotoxin content of aqueous solutions, with moderate removal of AG and AMG, while weak extraction of Z14Glr was observed. In conclusion, rat albumin is a relatively strong binder of Z14Glr, and albumin can form highly stable complexes with AMG at pH 8.5. Therefore, albumins can be considered as affinity proteins with regard to the latter mycotoxin metabolites.

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Recent advances on formation, transformation, occurrence, and analytical strategy of modified mycotoxins in cereals and their products

Cited by 16 publications

References 96 publications

Integrating a Multiple Isotopologue Reaction-Monitoring Technique and LC-MS/MS for Quantitation of Small Molecules: Ten Mycotoxins in Cereals as an Example

Integrating a Multiple Isotopologue Reaction-Monitoring Technique and LC-MS/MS for Quantitation of Small Molecules: Ten Mycotoxins in Cereals as an Example

Fusarium mycotoxins: The major food contaminants

Probing Serum Albumins and Cyclodextrins as Binders of the Mycotoxin Metabolites Alternariol-3-Glucoside, Alternariol-9-Monomethylether-3-Glucoside, and Zearalenone-14-Glucuronide

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