Recent advances of stimuli-responsive viologen-based nanocomposites

Li, Xin; Yang, Jie; Yang, Ying‐Wei

doi:10.1039/d3qm00151b

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…Over the past two decades, numerous chromic materials, especially photochromic materials, have been constructed and reported. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Among the various chromic compounds, viologens (1,1 0 -disubstituted-4,4 0 -bipyridinium salts) are particularly attractive due to their thermostability, reversibility, easy synthesis, and novel colorchanging properties. 34,35 However, the examples of a chromic material with the capability to respond to multiple stimuli are still limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid–base regulated inclusion complexes of β-cyclodextrin with 1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride displaying multistimuli-responsive chromic behaviors and photomodulable fluorescence

Wang,

Xu,

Lin

et al. 2024

J. Mater. Chem. C

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid–base regulated inclusion complexes of β-cyclodextrin with 1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride displaying multistimuli-responsive chromic behaviors and photomodulable fluorescence

Wang,

Xu,

Lin

et al. 2024

J. Mater. Chem. C

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“…Collectively, these data unfold the factors that biomedical researchers need to consider (among others) to get more efficient drug delivery systems in cancer therapy that involve a macromolecular system or other drug vehicles. Specifically, the present work offers a new supramolecular architecture that utilizes the unique properties of the 4,4′-bipyridine unit, which follows the most recent current literature 40,41 in the context of their prospect implications on developing stimuli-responsive hydrogels in biomedicine, exploring and promoting more applications of smart materials in practical production.…”

Section: Supramolecular Effects On Cellular Internalization (Role Of ...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Alginate supramolecular hydrogels based on viologen and cucurbit[8]uril: Host‐induced caveolae‐mediated endocytosis to white blood cancer cells

Chandra,

Bykova,

Poulose

et al. 2023

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The cellular uptake of drug carriers to the cytosol of a specific cell remains challenging, and a non‐classical supramolecular strategy is motivated. Here, we select a model host–guest complex in which a diamino‐viologen (1,1′‐bis(4‐aminophenyl)‐[4,4′‐bipyridine]−1,1′‐diium dichloride [VG]) fluorescent tag was engulfed by cucurbit[8]uril (CB8) and covalently linked to alginate polysaccharides (alginic acid [ALG]) as the modified drug vehicle. When adsorbed on the ALG surface, the encapsulation of VG was first confirmed utilizing Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic methods. Solid optical measurements (diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and time‐resolved photoluminescence) revealed emissive materials at around 650 nm and that CB8 enhanced the rigidity of the modified hydrogel. The molar composition of 2:1 for the complexation of VG to CB8 on the alginate surface and the thermal stabilities were also confirmed using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. CB8 induced a dramatic decrease in the average size of the VGALG polysaccharides from 485 to 165 nm and a turnover in their charge from –19.8 to +14.4 mV. Flow cytometry with inhibitors of various endocytosis pathways was employed to track the cellular uptake across different blood cell types: human T‐cell leukemia 1301 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Noticeably, complexation of VG with the CB8 host on top of the sugar platform dramatically enhanced the internalization into 1301 cells (viz. from 1% to 99%) at a concentration of 1.8 mg/mL via caveolae‐mediated endocytosis because of the size reduction, turnover in the charge from negative to positive, and rigidity induction. These observations reveal a more profound understanding of the macrocyclic effects on drug delivery.

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“…The colored viologen radicals are usually unstable in air and easily fade, thus greatly limiting the applications of viologen materials. 3,37 In this work, the introduction of a strong electron-donating B(Ph) 4…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Viologen Derivative Transition from Photosilence to Sensitive Photochromism through Ion Exchange

Li,

Huang,

Xue

et al. 2024

Crystal Growth & Design

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Viologen has attracted much attention due to its sensitive chromic properties in response to external stimuli, especially its photochromic behavior. Herein, a viologen derivative, 4PV•2Br, was prepared based on our previous studies, which exhibited strong photoluminescence due to the introduction of the thiazolothiazole group but was silent to light, even under 300 W UV light irradiation. By anion exchange with tetraphenylborate, a new viologen derivative, 4PV•2B(Ph) 4 , was obtained, which not only exhibits strong fluorescence with a quantum yield of 69% and a lifetime of 1.93 ns in solution but also exhibits sensitive photochromism to UV light, even under sunlight within 5 s. It is very sensitive to light and may become a potential excellent solar chromic material. It should be emphasized that the colored 4PV•2B(Ph) 4 radical is particularly stable and can maintain its coloring state in air for a long time, while vinegar vapor can cause it to fade in 2 s, giving it good color reversibility. The single-crystal structure before and after UV light excitation shows that UV light shortens the π•••π distances between B(Ph) 4 anions and 4PV cations, which is beneficial to faster electron transfer between them and the formation of stable viologen radicals. Sensitive photochromism accompanied by strong photoluminescence may endow 4PV•2B(Ph) 4 with potential application in information security and provide a good strategy to regulate the functionality of materials by regulating the counteranions of new viologen derivatives.

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Recent advances of stimuli-responsive viologen-based nanocomposites

Abstract: The unique electron-deficient viologen-based compounds are the terminally substituted 4,4’-bipyridine with excellent photoelectric response features to be applied in the preparation of stimuli-responsive materials. The emerging stimuli-responsive viologen-based nanocomposites combine...

Cited by 13 publications

References 149 publications

Acid–base regulated inclusion complexes of β-cyclodextrin with 1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride displaying multistimuli-responsive chromic behaviors and photomodulable fluorescence

Acid–base regulated inclusion complexes of β-cyclodextrin with 1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride displaying multistimuli-responsive chromic behaviors and photomodulable fluorescence

Alginate supramolecular hydrogels based on viologen and cucurbit[8]uril: Host‐induced caveolae‐mediated endocytosis to white blood cancer cells

A Viologen Derivative Transition from Photosilence to Sensitive Photochromism through Ion Exchange

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