Recent advances of non‐fullerene organic solar cells: From materials and morphology to devices and applications

Abstract

The innovation of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) enables the rapid progress of organic solar cells (OSCs) in power conversion efficiencies to over 19%, endowing OSCs with great potential toward real-world application. In this critical review, we outline the recent advances of NFA-based OSCs -from ITIC-to Y6-family, to exemplify the structure-performance correlations, and cover from material chemistry to nanomorphology controlling. In addition, we point out the possible degradation mechanisms behind the NFA-based devices and strategies for mitigating the stability issues. With OSC efficiencies approaching 20% benchmark, increasing attention has been built-up toward the technology's applications. Therefore, we describe the opportunities and challenges in the promising applications, mainly on semitransparent and flexible OSCs for commercial photovoltaics. Finally, we provide a summary and perspective to point out the primary challenges the OSC technology is facing toward commercialization.

An Isomeric Solid Additive Enables High‐Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells Developed Using a Benzo‐Difuran‐Based Donor Polymer

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] To accelerate the improvement of the PCE of BDF-based OSCs, chemical and device engineering efforts should be carried out, as was conducted for BDT-based OSCs. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Suitable device engineering can significantly enhance the performance of a given material system. Compared with BDT-based polymer donors, whose material and device performances have been extensively studied, the progress of BDF-based systems has mainly been driven by material design, leaving great space for improvements from device engineering.…”

“…[ 3–12 ] To accelerate the improvement of the PCE of BDF‐based OSCs, chemical and device engineering efforts should be carried out, as was conducted for BDT‐based OSCs. [ 13–21 ]…”

Efficient, Ambient‐Stable, All‐Polymer Organic Photodetector for Machine Learning‐Promoted Intelligent Monitoring of Indoor Plant Growth

“…[6] Nevertheless, the device performance of PPDs lags behind that of OPDs based on SM-NFAs, because of the limited availability of polymeric NFAs and difficulties in controlling the morphologies of all-polymer blends. [7] Zhong et al reported a PPD incorporating an NT40:N2200 blend that displayed a value of D* of 2.61 × 10 13 Jones (−0.1 V) with a cut-off frequency at −3 dB (f −3 dB ) of 10 kHz. [7] Duan and co-workers employed the PBDB-T:PNDI-DTBT polymer pair to demonstrate a PPD that operated with a value of D* of 4.77 × 10 12 Jones (−0.1 V).…”

“…[7] Zhong et al reported a PPD incorporating an NT40:N2200 blend that displayed a value of D* of 2.61 × 10 13 Jones (−0.1 V) with a cut-off frequency at −3 dB (f −3 dB ) of 10 kHz. [7] Duan and co-workers employed the PBDB-T:PNDI-DTBT polymer pair to demonstrate a PPD that operated with a value of D* of 4.77 × 10 12 Jones (−0.1 V). [7] High sensitivity and a sub-microsecond response speed have been reported for a photomultiplication PPD developed for real-time testing of blood oxygen saturation.…”

“…[7] Duan and co-workers employed the PBDB-T:PNDI-DTBT polymer pair to demonstrate a PPD that operated with a value of D* of 4.77 × 10 12 Jones (−0.1 V). [7] High sensitivity and a sub-microsecond response speed have been reported for a photomultiplication PPD developed for real-time testing of blood oxygen saturation. [8] Nevertheless, reports of stable highperformance PPDs have been rare.…”