Recent advances of lignin valorization techniques toward sustainable aromatics and potential benchmarks to fossil refinery products

Khan, Rabia Jalil; Lau, Chun Yin; Guan, Jian-Yu; Lam, Chun Ho; Zhao, Jun; Ji, Ying; Wang, Huaimin; Xu, Jingliang; Lee, Dong Hoon; Leu, Shao‐Yuan

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126419

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…However, due to its structural complexity and heterogeneity, its selective degradation of lignin to obtain chemicals with high selectivity and yield is very challenging. The main approaches to make lignin depolymerization include thermochemical (e.g., hydrolysis, gasification, hydrothermal liquefaction, and microwave methods), chemical (e.g., acid-base catalysis, ionic liquids/supercritical fluids, oxidation,) and biotechnological (e.g., bacterial, fungal, enzymatic) routes [ 64 , 65 ]. The resulting platform chemicals can be structurally simpler compounds by the selective breaking of C-O bonds; new fine chemicals and bio-based monomers can then be prepared by selective modification of specific functional groups [ 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ].…”

Section: Bio-based Monomers From Lignocellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Lignocellulose-Based Monomers and Their Polymerization

Pei¹,

Liu²,

Zhu

et al. 2023

Polymers

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Replacing fossil-based polymers with renewable bio-based polymers is one of the most promising ways to solve the environmental issues and climate change we human beings are facing. The production of new lignocellulose-based polymers involves five steps, including (1) fractionation of lignocellulose into cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin; (2) depolymerization of the fractionated cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin into carbohydrates and aromatic compounds; (3) catalytic or thermal conversion of the depolymerized carbohydrates and aromatic compounds to platform chemicals; (4) further conversion of the platform chemicals to the desired bio-based monomers; (5) polymerization of the above monomers to bio-based polymers by suitable polymerization methods. This review article will focus on the progress of bio-based monomers derived from lignocellulose, in particular the preparation of bio-based monomers from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and vanillin, and their polymerization methods. The latest research progress and application scenarios of related bio-based polymeric materials will be also discussed, as well as future trends in bio-based polymers.

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Section: Bio-based Monomers From Lignocellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Lignocellulose-Based Monomers and Their Polymerization

Pei¹,

Liu²,

Zhu

et al. 2023

Polymers

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“…24 Currently, it is believed that lignin is mainly composed of C, O and H, where ratio of C/O is greater than 2 : 1 and the ratio of C/H is greater than 10 : 1. 4,25–27 Some researchers use the so-called C 9 formula to describe the composition of lignin. In the case of softwood lignin, the C 9 formula is C 9 H 7.92 O 2.40 (OCH 3 ) 0.92 , whereas C 9 H 7.49 O 2.53 (OCH 3 ) 1.39 fits for hardwood lignin.…”

Section: New Sights Into the Structure And Properties Of Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin to value-added chemicals and advanced materials: extraction, degradation, and functionalization

Gan

Niu

et al. 2022

Green Chem.

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“…5 Lignin is a complex phenylpropanoid polymer and is the most abundant source of renewable aromatic carbon on earth and can be an alluring platform for sustainable chemicals. 6 Effective utilization of lignin has become a critical subject to enhance the cost-effectiveness and economic viability of the lignocellulose biorefinery. 7 Despite its high industrial potential, the full-scale utilization of lignin remains challenging due to its complexity and heterogeneity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monolignol Potential and Insights into Direct Depolymerization of Fruit and Nutshell Remains for High Value Sustainable Aromatics

Leu

Khan

Guan

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The inedible parts of nuts and stone fruits are low-cost and lignin-rich feedstock for more sustainable production of aromatic chemicals in comparison with the agricultural and forestry residues. However, the depolymerization performances on those food-related biomass remains unclear, owing to the broad physicochemical variations from the edible parts of the fruits and plant species. In this study, the monomer production potentials of ten major fruit and nutshell biomass were investigated with comprehensive numerical information derived from instrumental analysis, such as plant cell wall chemical compositions, syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratios, and contents of lignin substructure linkages (β-O-4, β-β, β-5). A standardized one-pot reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) process was applied to benchmark the monomer yields, and the results were statistically analyzed using Mantel’s test and Pearson correlations. Among all the tested biomass, mango endocarp provided the highest monolignol yields of 37.1% per dry substrates, respectively. Positive S-lignin (70-84%) resulted in higher monomer yield mainly due to more cleavable β-O-4 linkages and less condensed C-C linkages. Strong positive relationships were identified between β-O-4 and S-lignin and between β-5 and G-lignin. The analytical, numerical, and experimental results of this study shed lights to process design of lignin-first biorefinery in food-processing industries and waste management works.

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Recent advances of lignin valorization techniques toward sustainable aromatics and potential benchmarks to fossil refinery products

Cited by 28 publications

References 133 publications

Recent Advances in Lignocellulose-Based Monomers and Their Polymerization

Recent Advances in Lignocellulose-Based Monomers and Their Polymerization

Lignin to value-added chemicals and advanced materials: extraction, degradation, and functionalization

Monolignol Potential and Insights into Direct Depolymerization of Fruit and Nutshell Remains for High Value Sustainable Aromatics

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