Recent Advances of LATP and Their NASICON Structure as a Solid‐State Electrolyte for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

The organic electrolyte in commercial liquid lithium‐ion batteries is volatile, prone to low‐temperature failure, has a declining safety performance at high temperatures, and is susceptible to serious side reactions with electrodes. The current research hotspots are solid‐state electrolytes with high energy densities and high safety performance. The next‐generation lithium metal solid‐state battery electrolyte is expected to be Li1+XAlXTi2‐X(PO4)3 (LATP) with a sodium superionic conductor (NASICON) structure due to its high ionic conductivity, high energy density, and good stability in air. This paper presents a review of the crystal structure of LATP, lithium‐ion diffusion channels, synthesis methods, factors affecting high ionic conductivity, and regulation and application of interfacial stability. This effectively addresses the problems of LATP in current applications and facilitates the promotion of all‐solid‐state batteries in future applications.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Stability of Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3-Based Composite Electrolytes against Lithium Anodes Enhanced by Uniform Surface Coating of Two-Dimensional Graphene-like C3N4 on Particle Surfaces

“…This is due to the fact that LATP is susceptible to chemical reactions with Li when they are in direct contact with each other. 55 There are no Ti 4+ or Ti 3+ characteristic peaks detected for LATP@CN/Li instead, indicating that the g-C 3 N 4 coating layer and corresponding reaction products have completely enveloped LATP. The formed Li−N bond belonging to the reaction products is beneficial for the LATP@CN/Li interface.…”

“…The results show that Ti 4+ in LATP is reduced by the Li anode. This is due to the fact that LATP is susceptible to chemical reactions with Li when they are in direct contact with each other . There are no Ti 4+ or Ti 3+ characteristic peaks detected for LATP@CN/Li instead, indicating that the g-C 3 N 4 coating layer and corresponding reaction products have completely enveloped LATP.…”

Advancements in Quasi-Solid-State Li Batteries: A Rigid Hybrid Electrolyte Using LATP Porous Ceramic Membrane and Infiltrated Ionic Liquid

“…On the other hand, the inorganic ceramic solid electrolytes also result in attractive approaches due to the high voltage and thermal stability, compatibility with lithium metal, and fast Li + transport. − Several types of solid electrolytes have been investigated and, among them, Li 1+ x Ti 2– x Al x (PO 4 ) 3 (LATP) evidence promising properties such as high ionic conductivity (10 –4 –10 –3 S· –1 ), superior air stability, high oxidation voltage (∼6 V), and raw materials low prices . In general, the LATP ionic conductivity is governed by the microstructure, mainly grains and grain boundaries. , Hence, higher density and larger grain size are required to decrease the grain boundary impedance, which is achieved at sintering temperatures higher than 900 °C. , However, LATP has demonstrated modest electrochemical performance attributed to interfacial incompatibilities with the electrodes. , For instance, on the cathode side, apart from the low contact electrode–electrolyte, depletion of Li on the interface is observed due to migration to the cathode during charge . On the negative side, contact with metallic Li causes Ti 4+ reduction, generating a chemically unstable interface growth and cycling failure .…”

“… 18 , 19 However, LATP has demonstrated modest electrochemical performance attributed to interfacial incompatibilities with the electrodes. 20 , 21 For instance, on the cathode side, apart from the low contact electrode–electrolyte, depletion of Li on the interface is observed due to migration to the cathode during charge. 21 On the negative side, contact with metallic Li causes Ti 4+ reduction, generating a chemically unstable interface growth and cycling failure.…”

“… 20 , 21 For instance, on the cathode side, apart from the low contact electrode–electrolyte, depletion of Li on the interface is observed due to migration to the cathode during charge. 21 On the negative side, contact with metallic Li causes Ti 4+ reduction, generating a chemically unstable interface growth and cycling failure. 22 Therefore, when these interfacial issues are not solved, LATP cells fail when cycling at room temperature 23 or, if some capacity can be reached, in a few hours it decays due to the overall resistance increase.…”