Recent advances of iridium(III) metallophosphors for health-related applications

Ho, Po‐Yu; Ho, Cheuk Lam; Wong, Wai Yeung

doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213267

Cited by 111 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 196 publications

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“…Finally, the complexes have long-lived emission lifetimes due to the spin-forbidden nature of the relaxation from the triplet state to the ground state. The photophysical properties of transition metal complexes are considered lately to be a winning strategy for applications in biomedicine as therapeutic and/or diagnostic agents [10,11,[91][92][93][94][95].…”

Section: From Luminescent Isolated Molecule To Supramolecularmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescent Supramolecular Nano- or Microstructures Formed in Aqueous Media by Amphiphile-Noble Metal Complexes

Cretu

Maiuolo

Lombardo

et al. 2020

Journal of Nanomaterials

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The involvement of metal ions within the self-assembly spontaneously occurring in surfactant-based systems gives additional and interesting features. The electronic states of the metal, together with the bonds that can be established with the organic amphiphilic counterpart, are the factors triggering new photophysical properties. Moreover, the availability of stimuli-responsive supramolecular amphiphile assemblies, able to disassemble in a back-process, provides reversible switching particularly useful in novel approaches and applications giving rise to truly smart materials. In particular, small amphiphiles with an inner distribution, within their molecular architecture, of various polar and apolar functional groups, can give a wide variety of interactions and therefore enriched self-assemblies. If it is joined with the opportune presence and localization of noble metals, whose chemical and photophysical properties are undiscussed, then very interesting materials can be obtained. In this minireview, the basic concepts on self-assembly of small amphiphilic molecules with noble metals are shown with particular reference to the photophysical properties aiming at furnishing to the reader a panoramic view of these exciting problematics. In this respect, the following will be shown: (i) the principles of self-assembly of amphiphiles that involve noble metals, (ii) examples of amphiphiles and amphiphile-noble metal systems as representatives of systems with enhanced photophysical properties, and (iii) final comments and perspectives with some examples of modern applications.

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Section: From Luminescent Isolated Molecule To Supramolecularmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescent Supramolecular Nano- or Microstructures Formed in Aqueous Media by Amphiphile-Noble Metal Complexes

Cretu

Maiuolo

Lombardo

et al. 2020

Journal of Nanomaterials

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“…Recently, there have been several inspiring reviews summarizing the recent developments and applications on various NIR-emitting materials ( Kim et al., 2018b ; Zampetti et al., 2019 ; Zhang et al., 2018b ) or various transition-metal complexes ( Ho et al., 2020 ; Zhen et al., 2021 ). Rather than being exhaustive, this review focuses on NIR-emitting iridium complexes by highlighting their fundamental electronic structures and design strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-infrared emitting iridium complexes: Molecular design, photophysical properties, and related applications

Zhang

Qiao

2021

iScience

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Summary Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have become popular displays from small screens of wearables to large screens of televisions. In those active-matrix OLED displays, phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes serve as the indispensable green and red emitters because of their high luminous efficiency, excellent color tunability, and high durability. However, in contrast to their brilliant success in the visible region, iridium complexes are still underperforming in the near-infrared (NIR) region, particular in poor luminous efficiency according to the energy gap law. In this review, we first recall the basic theory of phosphorescent iridium complexes and explore their full potential for NIR emission. Next, the recent advances in NIR-emitting iridium complexes are summarized by highlighting design strategies and the structure-properties relationship. Some important implications for controlling photophysical properties are revealed. Moreover, as promising applications, NIR-OLEDs and bio-imaging based on NIR Ir(III) complexes are also presented. Finally, challenges and opportunities for NIR-emitting iridium complexes are envisioned.

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“…Emissive triplet states of transition metal complexes underpin a wide range of advanced optoelectronic applications, such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and biological studies [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. The relatively long excited-state lifetimes in the microsecond regime owing to the spin-forbidden nature of triplet excited states are also desired for photochemical reactions and triplet-triplet annihilation based upconversion (TTA-UC) involving bimolecular electron and/or energy transfer processes [ 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relatively long excited-state lifetimes in the microsecond regime owing to the spin-forbidden nature of triplet excited states are also desired for photochemical reactions and triplet-triplet annihilation based upconversion (TTA-UC) involving bimolecular electron and/or energy transfer processes [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. These fields have been dominated by phosphorescent transition metal complexes based on the platinum group metals (PGMs), such as iridium, platinum, and ruthenium because of their significant spin–orbit coupling (SOC) constants [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. The practical use of Ir(III) emitters in current commercial OLEDs possibly suggests the advantage of metal complexes in the device operational stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solution-Processed OLEDs Based on Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Copper(I) Complexes with Intraligand Charge-Transfer Excited State

et al. 2021

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A new series of tetrahedral heteroleptic copper(I) complexes exhibiting efficient thermally-activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) in green to orange electromagnetic spectral regions has been developed by using D-A type N^N ligand and P^P ligands. Their structures, electrochemical, photophysical, and electroluminescence properties have been characterized. The complexes exhibit high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of up to 0.71 at room temperature in doped film and the lifetimes are in a wide range of 4.3–24.1 μs. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations on the complexes reveal the lowest-lying intraligand charge-transfer excited states that are localized on the N^N ligands. Solution-processed organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on one of the new emitters show a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 7.96%.

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Recent advances of iridium(III) metallophosphors for health-related applications

Cited by 111 publications

References 196 publications

Luminescent Supramolecular Nano- or Microstructures Formed in Aqueous Media by Amphiphile-Noble Metal Complexes

Luminescent Supramolecular Nano- or Microstructures Formed in Aqueous Media by Amphiphile-Noble Metal Complexes

Near-infrared emitting iridium complexes: Molecular design, photophysical properties, and related applications

Solution-Processed OLEDs Based on Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Copper(I) Complexes with Intraligand Charge-Transfer Excited State

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