Recent advances of biomass derived carbon-based materials for efficient electrochemical energy devices

Abstract

Climate change is a global problem faced by human, and it is an energy revolution to realize the “break-even” of CO2 emissions. It is necessary to construct novel energy devices...

Rational design, application and dynamic evolution of Cu–N–C single-atom catalysts

“…28–31 Carbon materials have been proven to be ideal carrier materials because of their adjustable structure, excellent conductivity, stable physical and chemical properties. 32–34 The uniformly distributed defects on the surface of carbon materials also provide a basis for anchoring isolated active metal atoms. 35–39 At present, various heteroatom-doped carbon matrix composites have been developed by doping heteroatoms in nanostructured carbon materials, mainly including single element doping and multi-element doping.…”

Hyperdispersed ruthenium nanoparticles anchored on S/N co-doped carbon nanotubes as an efficient HER electrocatalyst

“…In general, graphene, carbon nanotubes and porous carbon are commonly used to prepare carbon based electrocatalysts. [9][10][11][12] Graphene is a single-layer sp 2 hybrid carbon structure, which is the basic unit of graphite carbon. It has excellent stability and a specific surface area of 2630 m 2 g À1 .…”

“…Their excellent electronic conductivity and thermal conductivity, strong mechanical strength and large specific surface area make them widely used in hydrogen storage, transistors, field emission devices, nonlinear optics, lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors. [17][18][19] Heteroatom doping changes or regulates the electronic structure and performance of carbon materials. Although element doping can improve the catalytic performance of carbon materials to a certain extent, the effect of doping on the charge density and spin state density of carbon atoms is limited after all, and more effective active sites cannot be obtained.…”

Biomass-Derived Mo2C@N, P Co-Doped Carbon as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

“…Biomass-derived carbon matrix features the merits of natural availability, low cost, environmental friendliness, and renewability. − So far, a large variety of waste biomass materials, including willow catkin, soybean powder, grass, pine needles, cotton fibrils, etc., have been introduced as precursors for preparing carbonaceous materials with rich porosity and large surface, which show promise for suitable energy conversion and storage. , As a sort of single-cell cellulose fibers, kapok fibers (KFs) obtained from the fruits of kapok trees are composed of reactive components such as lignin, cellulose, xylan, and wax . The fibers are a cheap and abundant carbon source to produce metal-carbide electrocatalysts. , Moreover, KFs with a high hollow rate of 97% can at the same time convert to porous carbon with a large surface and excellent conductivity, providing benign supports to anchor highly dispersive and ultrafine carbide nanoparticles.…”

“…17−19 So far, a large variety of waste biomass materials, including willow catkin, soybean powder, grass, pine needles, cotton fibrils, etc., have been introduced as precursors for preparing carbonaceous materials with rich porosity and large surface, which show promise for suitable energy conversion and storage. 20,21 As a sort of single-cell cellulose fibers, kapok fibers (KFs) obtained from the fruits of kapok trees are composed of reactive components such as lignin, cellulose, xylan, and wax. 22 The fibers are a cheap and abundant carbon source to produce metal-carbide electrocatalysts.…”