Recent advances in thermochemical methods for the conversion of algal biomass to energy

Das, Pritam; Chandramohan, V.P.; Mathimani, Thangavel; Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144608

Cited by 40 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…We have validated the use of Tween®80 in syngas fermentation in a bioreactor since we detected product formation and no foam was observed. Besides, the gas composition used herein is much more realistic when compared to syngas obtained from waste material pyrolysis [50]. Further research is needed to evaluate syngas composition after fermentation to verify the variability of CO, CO 2, and H 2 consumption with and without Tween®80 to provide in-depth understanding of its effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual Gas for Ethanol Production by Clostridium carboxidivorans in a Dual Impeller Stirred Tank Bioreactor (STBR)

et al. 2021

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Recycling residual industrial gases and residual biomass as substrates to biofuel production by fermentation is an important alternative to reduce organic wastes and greenhouse gases emission. Clostridium carboxidivorans can metabolize gaseous substrates as CO and CO2 to produce ethanol and higher alcohols through the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway. However, the syngas fermentation is limited by low mass transfer rates. In this work, a syngas fermentation was carried out in serum glass bottles adding different concentrations of Tween® 80 in ATCC® 2713 culture medium to improve gas-liquid mass transfer. We observed a 200% increase in ethanol production by adding 0.15% (v/v) of the surfactant in the culture medium and a 15% increase in biomass production by adding 0.3% (v/v) of the surfactant in the culture medium. The process was reproduced in stirred tank bioreactor with continuous syngas low flow, and a maximum ethanol productivity of 0.050 g/L.h was achieved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual Gas for Ethanol Production by Clostridium carboxidivorans in a Dual Impeller Stirred Tank Bioreactor (STBR)

et al. 2021

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“…Sludge, energy crops, crop residues, wood, algal biomass and tamarind shells, among others, can be converted into gaseous products by gasification [7,11,12]. Compared to fossil sources, biomass contains less nitrogen, sulfur and heavy metals, and has higher H/C ratios, resulting in lower pollutant emissions, higher reactivity and lower gasification temperatures [10,13].…”

Section: Gasification Of Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a fluidized bed system works with the principle of a high velocity fluid flow, it is mainly used for fast conversion, operating at a homogeneous temperature. However, more of the particulate matter (char and ash) is generated by fluidized bed gasifiers as compared to fixed bed gasifiers [7,11].…”

Section: Gasification Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of Syngas Composition on Anaerobic Fermentation

et al. 2021

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Energy consumption places growing demands on modern lifestyles, which have direct impacts on the world’s natural environment. To attain the levels of sustainability required to avoid further consequences of changes in the climate, alternatives for sustainable production not only of energy but also materials and chemicals must be pursued. In this respect, syngas fermentation has recently attracted much attention, particularly from industries responsible for high levels of greenhouse gas emissions. Syngas can be obtained by thermochemical conversion of biomass, animal waste, coal, municipal solid wastes and other carbonaceous materials, and its composition depends on biomass properties and gasification conditions. It is defined as a gaseous mixture of CO and H2 but, depending on those parameters, it can also contain CO2, CH4 and secondary components, such as tar, oxygen and nitrogenous compounds. Even so, raw syngas can be used by anaerobic bacteria to produce biofuels (ethanol, butanol, etc.) and biochemicals (acetic acid, butyric acid, etc.). This review updates recent work on the influence of biomass properties and gasification parameters on syngas composition and details the influence of these secondary components and CO/H2 molar ratio on microbial metabolism and product formation. Moreover, the main challenges, opportunities and current developments in syngas fermentation are highlighted in this review.

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“…Pyrolysis as a thermochemical conversion technique and one of the promising process in recent years (Das et al 2021), It presents a multiple advantages such as saving the environment from the negative impact of wastes and creating usable feedstock's without damaging the environment. It converts waste into three different products.…”

Section: 6future Application Of the Opw Pyrolysis Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Valorization of Olive Pomace Waste to Renewable Biofuels, Biomaterials and Biochemicals Via Pyrolysis Process: Experimental and Numerical Investigation

Aissaoui

Trabelsi²,

Bensidhom³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This work demonstrates, experimentally and numerically, the potential of Olive Pomace Waste (OPW) to produce renewable biofuels (pyrolytic oil and gas), bio-chemicals (tars as source of bioactive molecules) and bio-fertilizers (chars) through slow pyrolysis. Experimental pyrolysis runs were conducted at 500, 600 and 700°C as final pyrolysis temperature, 15, 20 and 25°C/min as heating rate and 1h as residence time, in a fixed bed pyrolyzer. In the optimum pyrolysis conditions (600°C and 15°C/min), 33 wt.% of oil, 30.00 wt.% of char and 37 wt.% of gas were produced. Recovered pyrolytic oil presents good energy value (HHV between 15.96 and 20.94 MJ/kg) with a great bioactive potential. The released permanent gases show an interesting energy content (LHV up to 11 MJ/Kg) which emphasizes their application in a gas engine to provide renewable electricity in rural olive groves area. The recovered OPW biochar presents a high carbon (C 72.54 wt.%) and nutrients contents (up to 8.42 mg/g of Ca, up to 8.69 mg/g of K and up to 2.02 % of total N) which make it suitable for soil amendment and for long-term carbon sequestration. Kinetic study of OPW pyrolysis, performed using the Distributed Activation Energy Model (DAEM), gives an activation energy values ranging from 121.6 to 151.6 kJ/mol. The investigation of the OPW thermal behavior and reactivity under pyrolysis conditions is useful approach to design and operate slow pyrolysis process at commercial scale, which could be useful by farmers for OPW in olive fields.

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Recent advances in thermochemical methods for the conversion of algal biomass to energy

Cited by 40 publications

References 108 publications

Residual Gas for Ethanol Production by Clostridium carboxidivorans in a Dual Impeller Stirred Tank Bioreactor (STBR)

Residual Gas for Ethanol Production by Clostridium carboxidivorans in a Dual Impeller Stirred Tank Bioreactor (STBR)

Impacts of Syngas Composition on Anaerobic Fermentation

Sustainable Valorization of Olive Pomace Waste to Renewable Biofuels, Biomaterials and Biochemicals Via Pyrolysis Process: Experimental and Numerical Investigation

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