Recent Advances in the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorders

Soyka, Michael

doi:10.31031/tnn.2020.03.000572

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 53 publications

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“…Local anaesthetics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) provide pain relief, enhance tissue recovery and reduce inflammation (Hollmann et al 2000 ), which is especially important during the inflammatory phase of wound healing, which may last for up to four days post-surgery (Artlett 2013 ). There have been several studies on longer-acting analgesic agents, such as meloxicam (Bourne et al 2010 ; Bauer et al 2014 ), bupivacaine (Bourne et al 2010 ; Lascelles & Kirkby Shaw 2016 ), tramadol (Bourne et al 2010 ; Fleming & Burn 2014 ) and buprenorphine (Bourne et al 2010 ; Soyka 2020 ), which show promising results in various bear species in captivity as well as long-tailed macaques ( Macaca fascicularis ), cats ( Felis catus ), dogs and humans. It is worth mentioning however that the pharmacokinetics, therapeutic windows and possible side-effects of these drugs are not tested in bears but ongoing clinical use on bears in captivity supports clinical efficacy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cost of research: Lasting effects of capture, surgery and muscle biopsy on brown bear (Ursus arctos) movement and physiology

Thiel,

Hertel,

Giroud

et al. 2023

Anim. welf.

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Animal models are a key component of translational medicine, helping transfer scientific findings into practical applications for human health. A fundamental principle of research ethics involves weighing the benefits of the research to society against the burden imposed on the animals used for scientific purposes. The utilisation of wild animals for research requires evaluation of the effects of capture and invasive sampling. Determining the severity and duration of these interventions on the animal’s physiology and behaviour allows for refining study methodology and for excluding or accounting for biased data. In this study, 39 Scandinavian brown bears (Ursus arctos) captured either while hibernating in winter or via helicopter in summer and that underwent surgery as part of a human health project had their movement, body temperature and timing of onset of hibernation compared with those of 14 control bears that had not been captured during the same period. Bears captured in winter and summer showed decreased movement from den exit until late summer, compared to those in the control group. Bears captured in summer showed reduced movement and body temperature for at least, respectively, 14 and 3 days, with an 11% decrease in hourly distance, compared to pre-capture levels, but did not differ in the timing of hibernation onset. We reveal that brown bear behaviour and physiology can be altered in response to capture and surgery for days to months, post-capture. This has broad implications for the conclusions of wildlife studies that rely upon invasive sampling.

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