Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Conjugated Polymers for Supercapacitors

Abstract

Conjugated polymers have attracted growing attention for versatile applications in energy storage due to their potential benefits including low‐cost processing, molecular tunability, environmental benignity, and high mechanical flexibility. In particular, polymer‐based organic electrode materials have shown significant progress in supercapacitor (SC) applications with superior electrochemical behaviors. The performances of SCs are closely related to the intrinsic characteristics of different polymers in the nanoscale and the morphological features of the polymer‐based electrode materials obtained by different fabrication techniques in the macroscale. This review summarizes the design and synthesis of both p‐type and n‐type conjugated polymers, highlighting the pros and cons of three synthesis techniques: electrochemical polymerization, chemical polymerization, and in situ polymerization. The performances of conjugated polymers in SCs, their cycling stabilities, and structure‐performance relationships are discussed. Moreover, the existing challenges and future directions of polymer‐based SCs are considered with respect to energy density, stability, and large‐scale production to promote commercialization.

Use of Silk Fibroin Material Composites for Green, Flexible Supercapacitors

“…The methods and SF composites can also be adopted for the preparation of other electrodes from powder materials or even applied for other energy storage systems such as metal-ion batteries or hybrid capacitors. For instance, an increased capacitance may be achieved by the replacement of activated carbon by materials with a higher specific surface area and conductivity (e.g., CNTs) or redox-active materials (e.g., MnO 2 ) to produce pseudocapacitance. ,, Conjugated polymers and organic molecules can also be selected as electrodes to build high-performance, fully organic energy storage devices. , Further, the bioderived polymer binders combined with water-based processing have been shown as a sustainable alternative way to prepare electrodes . SF-PDA can be used as biofriendly binder for the aqueous processing of electrode materials for various electrochemical energy storage devices.…”

Nanomaterial-based energy conversion and energy storage devices: a comprehensive review

“…61 Furthermore, polypyrrole and polythiophene may be doped in situ during their synthesis to prevent doping and dedoping, resulting in high electrical conductivity, high flexibility, and superior stability, which promote the charge transfer rate. 62…”