Recent advances in the synthesis of TS-1 zeolite

Abstract

Heteroatomic zeolites as an important class of zeolites, have been widely applied in industrially catalytic processes due to their unique properties. As one of the most representative heteroatomic zeolites, titanosilicate zeolites have been extensively used in the selective oxidations of organic substrates with H2O2 such as cyclohexanone ammoximation, epoxidation of alkenes, and phenol hydroxylation. In this review, recent advances in the synthesis of TS-1 zeolite are briefly summarized, including use of low-cost raw materials (organic templates, silicon, and titanium sources), development of new synthesis routes (post-treatment synthesis, dry-gel conversion synthesis, solvent-free synthesis, and microwave-assisted synthesis), and new strategy for enhanced mass transfer in TS-1 crystals (synthesis of hierarchical and nanosized TS-1 zeolite). This review might help researchers to have a deep understanding on the synthesis of TS-1 zeolite and provide a new opportunity for the design and preparation of highly efficient TS-1 catalysts in the future.

Approaching High-Performance TS-1 Zeolites in the Presence of Alkali Metal Ions via Combination of Adjusting pH Value and Modulating Crystal Size

“…Inorganic alkali, e.g., NaOH or KOH, is widely used to provide a basic condition during zeolite synthesis because it is a widely available and cheap basic source. Unfortunately, usage of these cheap inorganic bases is highly restricted in Lewis acid zeolite synthesis [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ], especially for Ti-doped TS-1 zeolites [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ], which are widely used in numerous industrially significant green oxidation processes with hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant under mild conditions [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. The reason is that alkali metal cations, e.g., Na + , from inorganic alkali have an adverse effect on the incorporation of active Ti sites.…”