Recent Advances in the Study of the Immune Escape Mechanism of SFTSV and Its Therapeutic Agents

Abstract

Sever fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a new infectious disease that has emerged in recent years and is widely distributed, highly contagious, and lethal, with a mortality rate of up to 30%, especially in people with immune system deficiencies and elderly patients. SFTS is an insidious, negative-stranded RNA virus that has a major public health impact worldwide. The development of a vaccine and the hunt for potent therapeutic drugs are crucial to the prevention and treatment of Bunyavirus infection because there is no particular treatment for SFTS. In this respect, investigating the mechanics of SFTS–host cell interactions is crucial for creating antiviral medications. In the present paper, we summarized the mechanism of interaction between SFTS and pattern recognition receptors, endogenous antiviral factors, inflammatory factors, and immune cells. Furthermore, we summarized the current therapeutic drugs used for SFTS treatment, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the development of targets and drugs against SFTS.

ACCI could be a poor prognostic indicator for the in-hospital mortality of patients with SFTS

“…SFTS has mainly been reported in countries such as China, South Korea, Japan, and Pakistan [ 4 – 6 ], with major symptoms including fever, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and gastrointestinal symptoms. This disease is highly contagious, with a mortality of up to 30% [ 2 , 7 ]. The primary transmission route of SFTS is believed to be through tick bites [ 1 , 8 ].…”

Potent immunogenicity and neutralization of recombinant adeno-associated virus expressing the glycoprotein of severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus

“…Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease endemic to East Asia, which was first reported in China in 2012 and in Japan in 2013 [ 24 , 33 ]. SFTS virus (SFTSV) is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the family Phenuiviridae ( Bandavirus ) [ 12 ] with three genomic segments: L, M, and S. The L segment contains the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase; the M segment contains two glycoproteins, Gn and Gc; and the S segment encodes nucleocapsid proteins (N) and nonstructural proteins (NSs) [ 3 ]. SFTSV is an arbovirus and its main vector is Haemaphysalis longicornis [ 14 ].…”