Recent advances in the potential applications of bioinspired superhydrophobic materials

Darmanin, Thierry; Guittard, Frédéric

doi:10.1039/c4ta02071e

Cited by 506 publications

(317 citation statements)

References 520 publications

(524 reference statements)

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“…Many naturally occurring surfaces have functional efficiencies equal to or, in some cases superior to, man-made technologies [1][2][3][4]. Some naturally occurring nano-structures (of both plant and animal origin) demonstrate self-cleaning hydrophobic/superhydrophobic 'technologies' that have been finely tuned to aid in species survival [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminant adhesion (aerial/ground biofouling) on the skin of a gecko

Watson

Cribb

Schwarzkopf

et al. 2015

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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In this study, we have investigated the micro-and nano-structuring and contaminant adhesional forces of the outer skin layer of the ground dwelling gecko-Lucasium steindachneri. The lizard's skin displayed a high density of hairs with lengths up to 4 mm which were spherically capped with a radius of curvature typically less than 30 nm. The adhesion of artificial hydrophilic (silica) and hydrophobic (C 18 ) spherical particles and natural pollen grains were measured by atomic force microscopy and demonstrated extremely low values comparable to those recorded on superhydrophobic insects. The lizard scales which exhibited a three-tier hierarchical architecture demonstrated higher adhesion than the trough regions between scales. The two-tier roughness of the troughs comprising folding of the skin (wrinkling) limits the number of contacting hairs with particles of the dimensions used in our study. The gecko skin architecture on both the dorsal and trough regions demonstrates an optimized topography for minimizing solid-solid and solid-liquid particle contact area, as well as facilitating a variety of particulate removal mechanisms including water-assisted processes. These contrasting skin topographies may also be optimized for other functions such as increased structural integrity, levels of wear protection and flexibility of skin for movement and growth. While single hair adhesion is low, contributions of many thousands of individual hairs (especially on the abdominal scale surface and if deformation occurs) may potentially aid in providing additional adhesional capabilities (sticking ability) for some gecko species when interacting with environmental substrates such as rocks, foliage and even man-made structuring.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminant adhesion (aerial/ground biofouling) on the skin of a gecko

Watson

Cribb

Schwarzkopf

et al. 2015

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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“…[19][20][21][22] Recent studies have associated superhydrophobic surfaces with self-cleaning by a low sliding angle (SA). [23][24][25] For example, superhydrophobic surfaces of lotus leaves and strider legs found in nature inspire our use of this approach.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of a Corrosion-Resistant and Anti-Icing Superhydrophobic Surface on Magnesium Alloy via a Single-Step Method

Liu

Wang

Chen

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A superhydrophobic surface with chemical and long-time stability was fabricated on AZ31 magnesium alloy in a single-step via hydrothermal synthesis to improve corrosion resistance. The as-prepared surface repelled aqueous solutions with a static water contact angle of 156.7 • , and its superhydrophobicity was maintained for more than one year. The superhydrophobic surface showed anti-icing performance in a cold environment. The electrochemical measurement showed the superhydrophobic coating surface improved corrosion resistance for the Mg alloy substrate in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. In this study, we sought higher efficiency and environmental friendliness to enhance the prospects for application of magnesium alloys. © The Author(s) 2016. Published by ECS. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse of the work in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. [DOI: 10.1149/2.0801605jes] All rights reserved.Manuscript submitted December 10, 2015; revised manuscript received January 25, 2016. Published February 3, 2016 Magnesium alloys are among the lightest and most easily machined metals. Owing to their low density, good electromagnetic screening ability, high strength/weight ratio, low cost, machinability, recyclability and other advantages, Mg alloys are known as the green engineering material of the 21st century.1-3 They are used in many types of applications, such as in the automobile industry, biological materials, aerospace and aircraft fields, and electronic production. [4][5][6] The AZ31 Mg alloy is the most widely used industrial wrought Mg alloy due to its balance of properties and price; it is usually rolled into plate, squeezed into bars or processed by forging.7 However, Mg alloys have shortcomings that limit their application, including low standard potential, high chemical activity, ease of oxidation, low abrasion performance, and susceptibility to corrosion in humid environments. 8 The development of corrosion-resistant Mg alloys will enable a much wider range of applications based on these materials. So far, many approaches have been used for conferring corrosion resistance on magnesium alloy; for example, the control of metallurgical factors by increasing the purity of the alloy, 9 mixing with rare earth elements, 10 or the use of a rapid solidification processing have been investigated.11 Alternative approaches for facilitating corrosion-resistance performance include surface modification by laser processing, the deposition of a protective coating layer by a sol-gel route, anodic oxidation, electroplating and spraying oil paint.12-14 Recently, many studies have shown that superhydrophobic surfaces are effective for conferring corrosion resistance. [15][16][17][18] A solid surface is superhydrophobic if the contact angle (CA) of a water droplet on the surface is larger than 150• . [19][20][21][22] Recent studies have associated superhydrop...

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“…23 Superhydrophobic surfaces with efficient water shedding and self-cleaning properties result. 24,25 However, the design of surfaces that also repel low-surface-tension liquids such as oils is signicantly more challenging. The challenge arises from the fact that regular surface features with vertical side walls only support a Cassie-Baxter wetting state with liquids having a contact angle of >90 on a at surface.…”

Section: -17mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring re-entrant geometry in inverse colloidal monolayers to control surface wettability

et al. 2016

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Controlling the microscopic wetting state of a liquid in contact with a structured surface is the basis for the design of liquid repellent as well as anti-fogging coatings by preventing or enabling a given liquid to infiltrate the surface structures. Similarly, a liquid can be confined to designated surface areas by locally controlling the wetting state, with applications ranging from liquid transport on a surface to creating tailored microenvironments for cell culture or chemical synthesis. The control of the wetting of a low-surfacetension liquid is substantially more difficult compared to water and requires surface structures with overhanging features, known as re-entrant geometries. Here, we use colloidal self-assembly and templating to create two-dimensional nanopore arrays with tailored re-entrant geometry. These pore arrays, termed inverse monolayers, are prepared by backfilling a sacrificial colloidal monolayer with a silica sol-gel precursor material. Varying the precursor concentration enables us to control the degree to which the colloids are embedded into the silica matrix. Upon calcination, nanopores with different opening angles result. The pore opening angle directly correlates with the re-entrant curvature of the surface nanostructures and can be used to control the macroscopic wetting behavior of a liquid sitting on the surface structures. We characterize the wetting of various liquids by static and dynamic contact angles and find correlation between the experimental results and theoretical predictions of the wetting state based on simple geometric considerations. We demonstrate the creation of omniphobic surface coatings that support Cassie-Baxter wetting states for liquids with low surface tensions, including octane (g ¼ 21.7 mN m À1). We further use photolithography to spatially confine such low-surface-tension liquids to desired areas of the substrate with high accuracy.

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Recent advances in the potential applications of bioinspired superhydrophobic materials

Cited by 506 publications

References 520 publications

Contaminant adhesion (aerial/ground biofouling) on the skin of a gecko

Contaminant adhesion (aerial/ground biofouling) on the skin of a gecko

Formation of a Corrosion-Resistant and Anti-Icing Superhydrophobic Surface on Magnesium Alloy via a Single-Step Method

Tailoring re-entrant geometry in inverse colloidal monolayers to control surface wettability

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