Recent Advances in the Fabrication and Functionalization of Nanostructured Carbon Spheres for Energy Storage Applications

Cao, Kiet Le Anh; Iskandar, Ferry; Tanabe, Eishi; Ogi, Takashi

doi:10.14356/kona.2023016

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Nanoporous materials are widely used in many fields due to their attractive properties (i.e., high specific surface area, excellent adsorption capacity, and accelerated contact between the materials and their guest molecules). − Based on the IUPAC classification, nanoporous materials are divided into three categories: materials with pore sizes up to 2 nm are called microporous materials, mesoporous materials are with 2–50 nm pore sizes, and beyond that range are classified as macroporous materials . Mass transfer in the nanoporous materials is an important process in various areas such as energy storage, , membrane science, chromatography, , catalysis, , semiconductor, gas exploration, and environmental remediation .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing the Macroporous Structure of Three-Way Catalyst Particles: The Influence of Template Concentration on Framework Thickness and Mass Transfer

Cao

Kitamoto

et al. 2023

Langmuir

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Mass transfer is an essential process that can extend the performance and utilization of nanoporous materials in various applications. Therefore, improving mass transfer in nanoporous materials has always attracted much interest, and macroporous structures are currently being studied to enhance mass transfer performance. The introduction of macroporous structures into three-way catalysts (TWC), which are widely utilized to control the emission of polluted gases from vehicles, provides the potential to enhance their mass transfer property and catalytic performance. However, the formation mechanism of macroporous TWC particles has not yet been investigated. On the other hand, the influence of the framework thickness of the macroporous structure on the mass transfer enhancement is still unclear. Therefore, this report investigates the particle formation and framework thickness of the macroporous TWC particles synthesized using the template-assisted aerosol process. The formation of macroporous TWC particles was precisely controlled and investigated by altering the size and concentration of the template particles. The template concentration played a crucial role in maintaining the macroporous structure and controlling the framework thickness between the macropores. Based on these results, a theoretical calculation showing the influence of template concentration on the particle morphology and framework thickness was developed. The final results showed that increasing the template concentration can positively affect the nanoporous material’s framework thickness reduction and mass transfer coefficient improvement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing the Macroporous Structure of Three-Way Catalyst Particles: The Influence of Template Concentration on Framework Thickness and Mass Transfer

Cao

Kitamoto

et al. 2023

Langmuir

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“…However, the factors that control the degree of CD-MOF crystal transformation have not been determined thus far. The nucleation and growth of CD-MOF crystals in the spray-dried precursor is influenced by many factors. − Cao et al synthesized controllable particle transition from dense to hollow structures using spray drying . The morphology and size of the ordered porous-structured particles were controlled by varying the precursor conditions before spray drying .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-Facilitated Crystallization of Spray-Dried CD-MOFs with Tunable Morphology, Porosity, And Dissolution Profile

Kadota

Tse

Fujita

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with versatile functionalities have applications in environmental science, sensor separation, catalysis, and drug delivery. In particular, MOFs used in drug delivery should be biodegradable and easy to control. In this study, spray-dried cyclodextrin-based MOFs (CD-MOFs) with tunable crystallinity, porosity, and dissolution properties were fabricated. The spray-drying precursor properties, such as ethanol volume ratio, incubation time, and precursor concentration, were optimized for controlled crystallization. On the basis of the morphology, X-ray diffraction peak intensity, and specific surface areas of the spray-dried CD-MOF products, they were categorized as amorphous, partially crystalline, and highly crystalline. An active pharmaceutical ingredient ketoconazole (KCZ) was introduced into the precursor to prepare KCZ-containing CD-MOFs. The surface areas of these products were greater by 3-fold (292 m2/g) than that of the plain CD-MOF (94.1 m2/g) prepared using the same parameters. The presence of KCZ in the hydrophobic cavity between the two γ-CD molecules was correlated to the CD-MOF crystal growth. Additionally, CD-MOF particles exhibited different dissolution behaviors on the basis of the position of KCZ in the MOF. These spray-dried CD-MOFs with tunable morphology, specific surface area, and dissolution could have potential applications in various fields.

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“…Among these materials, β-quartz solid-solution with the general formula Li x Al x Si 1– x O 2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) has gained considerable interest because of their exceptional properties, including a negative thermal expansion coefficient, high mechanical strength, and excellent chemical stability. − As a result of their unique crystal structures, this material exhibits a decrease in volume or dimension upon heating, making them ideal for applications requiring high dimensional stability over a wide temperature range (e.g., sealing materials for electronic devices). In addition, from an engineering perspective, spherical particles have been found to provide significant advantages compared with those having irregular morphologies. − These advantages include increased packing density and improved flow properties such that the materials are easier to handle and process. In addition, spherical particles are dispersed more readily in various solvents and matrices, which can provide enhanced performance in applications such as catalysis and sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Spherical β-Quartz Solid-Solution Particles Derived from Cordierite Using a Flame Process

Cao

Kito

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Eng. Mater.

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β-Quartz solid-solution has received significant attention as a consequence of its remarkable properties, including a negative thermal expansion coefficient, high mechanical strength, and excellent chemical stability. However, to date, there is no report on the successful production of crystalline spherical β-quartz solid-solution particles. Herein, the crystalline spherical β-quartz solid-solution particles derived from cordierite were successfully fabricated via a flame method followed by a calcination process, representing the first-ever demonstration of this type of synthesis. In-depth investigations of the effect of flame parameters (e.g., adiabatic flame temperature and methane gas flow rate), calcination process conditions (e.g., calcination temperature and calcination time), and the additional amount of anti-sintering agent (e.g., nano-silica) on the particle morphology and crystallinity of β-quartz solid-solution particles were assessed. As a result, the morphology of particles was confirmed to transition from non-spherical to spherical while maintaining a crystalline structure based on optimization of the nano-silica concentration. The nano-silica played an important role in the formation of particles with high crystallinity and good sphericity even at high calcination temperatures. The flame spheroidization process demonstrated herein is a rapid and effective means of fabricating spherical β-quartz solid-solution particles without the use of prefabricated spherical precursors or the addition of template materials, and this efficient method is appropriate for large-scale applications.

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Recent Advances in the Fabrication and Functionalization of Nanostructured Carbon Spheres for Energy Storage Applications

Cited by 24 publications

References 93 publications

Designing the Macroporous Structure of Three-Way Catalyst Particles: The Influence of Template Concentration on Framework Thickness and Mass Transfer

Designing the Macroporous Structure of Three-Way Catalyst Particles: The Influence of Template Concentration on Framework Thickness and Mass Transfer

Drug-Facilitated Crystallization of Spray-Dried CD-MOFs with Tunable Morphology, Porosity, And Dissolution Profile

Synthesis of Spherical β-Quartz Solid-Solution Particles Derived from Cordierite Using a Flame Process

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