Recent advances in the development of vaccines for tuberculosis

Ahsan, Mohamed Jawed

doi:10.1177/2051013615593891

Cited by 52 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…A reliable immunization strategy to prevent active TB or even latent infection is therefore strongly required to control the disease. Various approaches to improve the live BCG vaccine (reviewed in ) or to develop novel strategies for immunization (reviewed in ) are ongoing but have not yet led to an accessible solution.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoproteins in virulence and immunity – fighting with a double‐edged sword

Becker

Sander

2016

FEBS Letters

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Bacterial lipoproteins are secreted membrane‐anchored proteins characterized by a lipobox motif. This lipobox motif directs post‐translational modifications at the conserved cysteine through the consecutive action of three enzymes: Lgt, LspA and Lnt, which results in di‐ or triacylated forms. Lipoproteins are abundant in all bacteria including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and often involved in virulence and immunoregulatory processes. On the one hand, disruption of the biosynthesis pathway of lipoproteins leads to attenuation of M. tuberculosis in vivo, and mycobacteria deficient for certain lipoproteins have been assessed as attenuated live vaccine candidates. On the other hand, several mycobacterial lipoproteins form immunodominant antigens which promote an immune response. Some of these have been explored in DNA or subunit vaccination approaches against tuberculosis. The immune recognition of specific lipoproteins, however, might also benefit long‐term survival of M. tuberculosis through immune modulation, while others induce protective responses. Exploiting lipoproteins as vaccines is thus a complex matter which requires deliberative investigation. The dual role of lipoproteins in the immunity to and pathogenicity of mycobacteria is discussed here.

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confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoproteins in virulence and immunity – fighting with a double‐edged sword

Becker

Sander

2016

FEBS Letters

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“…The satisfactory safety of MTBVAC could be explained based on the following factors: lack of front-line lipids, loss of ESAT-6 expression, and down-expression of the PhoP regulon, essentially for pathogenicity and virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis [ 86 ]. Highly attenuated MTBVAC could be a potential vaccine for populations with high-risk immunosuppression, due to inactivation of an additional gene-generated repeated protein (Erp) [ 63 ].…”

Section: Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccine research and development: tuberculosis as a global health threat

Usman

Ismail

Teoh

2017

cejoi

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One of the aims of the World Health Organisation (WHO) Millennium Development Goals (MDG) is to reduce the number of cases of tuberculosis (TB) infection by the year 2015. However, 9 million new cases were reported in 2013, with an estimated 480,000 new cases of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) globally. Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the most available and currently used candidate vaccine against tuberculosis; it prevents childhood TB, but its effectiveness against pulmonary TB in adults and adolescents is disputed. To achieve the goal of the WHO MDG, the need for a new improved vaccine is of primary importance. This review highlights several articles that have reported vaccine development. There are about 16 TB vaccines in different phases of clinical trials at the time of writing, which include recombinant peptide/protein, live-attenuated and recombinant live-attenuated, protein/adjuvant, viral-vectored, and immunotherapeutic vaccine. Further studies in reverse vaccinology and massive campaigns on vaccination are needed in order to achieve the target for TB eradication by 2050.

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“…2 Since the introduction of the BCG vaccine, a large number of approaches to developing an effective vaccine against TB have been examined. 2,3 One of the most studied TB vaccines is heat-inactivated M. vaccae. 4 M. vaccae is a nonpathogenic species commonly found in soil and water belonging to the same genus as M. tuberculosis that was first described in 1964 by Bonickse and Juhasz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Mycobacterium vaccae immunotherapy for patients with tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Huang

Hsieh

2017

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant cause of illness and death worldwide. Immunotherapy has been investigated in the treatment of TB. The purpose of this study was to perform a meta-analysis investigating the effectiveness of the M. vaccae vaccine. Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were searched until November 5, 2015 using the keywords: tuberculosis, pulmonary TB, therapeutic vaccines, immunotherapy, M. vaccae, sputum smear. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or 2-arm prospective studies were included. The primary outcome was the sputum smear clearance rate at 1 or 2 months and 6 months after treatment. Secondary outcomes were improvement of chest X-ray findings, sputum culture negative rate at 1 or 2 months and 6 months, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), hemoglobin, and leukocyte count, weight gain, and mortality. Of 89 records identified, 13 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. The number of patients ranged from 22 to 1337, and the mean age ranged from 26.4 to 44.3 y. Patients treated with M. vaccae were more likely to have negative sputum smear results at 1-2 months (pooled OR = 2.642, 95% CI: 1.623-4.301, P < .001) and at 6 months (pooled OR = 2.111, 95% CI: 1.141-3.908, P = .017), and have a negative sputum culture at 1 or 2 months (pooled OR = 2.660, 95% CI: 1.978-3.578, P < .001). The results of this meta-analysis suggest that M. vaccae immunotherapy may be effective in the treatment of pulmonary TB.

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Recent advances in the development of vaccines for tuberculosis

Cited by 52 publications

References 62 publications

Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoproteins in virulence and immunity – fighting with a double‐edged sword

Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoproteins in virulence and immunity – fighting with a double‐edged sword

Vaccine research and development: tuberculosis as a global health threat

Efficacy of Mycobacterium vaccae immunotherapy for patients with tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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