“…As explained earlier, the microwave-assisted technique did not have any adverse effects on the La structure; rather, it accelerated the process, and this study moved one step forward, where La was added after plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coating was conducted. Briefly, PEO is an advanced electrochemical surface treatment method (also named microarc oxidation (MAO)) that involves applying an extremely high voltage to a suitable electrolyte to generate a plasma state. , This technique easily enables the formation of oxide layers on metallic alloys, resulting in improved surface properties, such as increased hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. It can be clearly seen that he coating obtained at 50 °C, under 30 min treatment, produced the best results, as shown in cross-sectional images in Figure (k) as compared to the porous and cracked coatings obtained at 30 °C (Figure (i) and 40 °C (Figure (j)), during the same time duration of 30 min.…”