Recent advances in shape memory epoxy resins and composites

Karger‐Kocsis, J.; Kéki, Sándor

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-26434-1.00027-1

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Equally important, the storage modulus values for the glassy (G g ) and rubbery (G r ) states were also determined, with these parameters crucial for the development of SM polymers (Figure 6). 79 Tailoring the G g :G r ratio allows the design of high-efficiency SM materials since the recovery behavior is enhanced when the Gg:Gr ratio increases. 79 Remarkably, the CEIL-based polymers presented higher values of G g :G r conferring to these materials more suitable SM properties (Table 2).…”

Section: Synthesis Of Cycloaliphatic Epoxidized Ionic Liquid (Ceil)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…79 Tailoring the G g :G r ratio allows the design of high-efficiency SM materials since the recovery behavior is enhanced when the Gg:Gr ratio increases. 79 Remarkably, the CEIL-based polymers presented higher values of G g :G r conferring to these materials more suitable SM properties (Table 2). The three epoxy networks possess comparable magnitudes of G g .…”

Section: Synthesis Of Cycloaliphatic Epoxidized Ionic Liquid (Ceil)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…R r corresponds to 100% when the material can entirely recover its initial shape. 79,80 Several parameters can be adjusted, including curing extent, monomer−hardener ratio, and blend formulations to afford shape memory behavior to thermosets. 15,79−81 Recently, we have demonstrated that exploring the synergistic use of poly(ether imide) (PEI) and a commercial phosphonium IL is a suitable approach to induce shape memory behavior in DGEBA-based materials.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Cycloaliphatic Epoxidized Ionic Liquid (Ceil)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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From the Design of Multifunctional Degradable Epoxy Thermosets to Their End of Life

Perli

Demir

Pruvost

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The development of multifunctional epoxy thermosets that meet the requirements of sustainable development by creating new macromolecular architectures, i.e., novel epoxy monomers, is a real challenge. Herein, a bis-imidazolium cycloaliphatic epoxidized room temperature ionic liquid (CEIL) was successfully synthesized at multigrams scale (1−200 g) and used as molecular brick platforms to design various networks combined to a computational approach. Thus, three epoxy networks were developed by cationic polymerization using CEIL and 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3′,4′-epoxycyclohexane carboxylate (ECC) in the presence of a thermoacid initiator. The CEILbased networks presented higher thermal stabilities (>450 °C) and good mechanical performances combined for promising shape memory behavior. Most importantly, the incorporation of this ionic molecular brick, i.e., CEIL monomer in the architecture of the networks (50% or 100%), addresses the concept "design to degrade" inducing full degradability for the first time under mild working conditions (up to 99.4% of p-CEIL dissolution in 4.5 h).

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Section: Synthesis Of Cycloaliphatic Epoxidized Ionic Liquid (Ceil)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthesis Of Cycloaliphatic Epoxidized Ionic Liquid (Ceil)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthesis Of Cycloaliphatic Epoxidized Ionic Liquid (Ceil)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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From the Design of Multifunctional Degradable Epoxy Thermosets to Their End of Life

Perli

Demir

Pruvost

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…Nowadays, already a large body of works addressed the preparation and characterization of shape memory PUs (SMPUs) [13][14][15][16]. Research strategies focus now on the creation of multifunctional polymers [17,18]. As far as SM concerns, attempts are in progress to combine it with self-healing [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Segmented linear shape memory polyurethanes with thermoreversible Diels-Alder coupling: Effects of polycaprolactone molecular weight and diisocyanate type

Lakatos¹,

Czifrák²,

Papp³

et al. 2016

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Segmented linear polyurethanes (PUs) containing Diels-Alder (DA) adduct were synthesized in toluene solution from poly("-caprolactone) (PCL, M n = 10, 25 and 50 kg/mol), diisocyanate (methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI), 1,6-hexamethylenediisocyanate, (HDI)), furfurylamine (FA) and bismaleimide (BMI). The order of the segments in the PUs was -PCL-MDI-FA-BMI-. The PUs were characterized by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), different spectroscopic ( 1 H-NMR, attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared, AT-FTIR), thermal and mechanical analysis (differential scanning calorimetry, DSC, dynamical mechanical analysis, DMA). The DA and retro-DA reactions were identified by 1 H-NMR for both the synthesized PU and the coupling components (i.e. FA and BMI). Tensile mechanical and shape memory (SM) properties of the PUs were also determined. The DA coupling in the PU was improved by heat treatment above the melting temperature (T m ) of PCL. DMA traces showed a plateau-like region above T m of PCL confirming the presence of a physical network the netpoints of which are given by the hard segments including the DA couplers. This feature suggested good SM behavior that was confirmed both qualitatively and quantitatively.

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“…In the case of thermal stimulus, the cycle process consists of first a deformation at high temperature, relaxation, fixing and finally recovery [4][5][6]. SMPs are useful in many domains as medical and biological devices [8,9], smart textile [10,11], tubing and actuating materials and packaging components [12][13][14]. The capacity of SMPs to change shape is generally explained by the presence of at least two different phases with different mechanical properties (hard and soft).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Residual Stress Effect on the Shape Memory Polymers

Kallel

Lamraoui

Tcharkhtchi

et al. 2016

Residual Stresses 2016

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Abstract. The current paper presents an experimental study of the residual stress role to recover polymer blend to its original position after deformation. In this study, we use a polymer blend of 40% PolyCaproLactone (PCL) and 60% Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS). The Shape Memory Polymer (SMP) is able to storing a permanent macroscopic after passing through a temporary one; then under an external stimulus; they can recover their initial shapes. The recovery rate depends on the mechanical property of the mixture and also of the number of the loading cycles. Indeed, one multiplying the number of mechanical loading cycle; generally tensile test; the recovery rate does not change in a linear manner and therefore the residual stress is not added in integer from one cycle to another. In this work we studied the mechanism of the shape as well as property memory effect of the blend under study during a shape memory cycle, to establish a relationship between the "shape memory effect" and the "properties memory effect". Finally, we measure the "Driving Force" responsible for the shape memory effect by an original method. This study allows establishing a relationship between the rate of recovery and residual stresses introduced into the polymer during its deformation. IntroductionShape memory polymers (SMPs) have the capacity of changing their shapes from a temporary shape to a permanent shape upon an external stimulus. The stimulus could be provided by thermal [1, 2], magnetic or electric sources [3]. In the case of thermal stimulus, the cycle process consists of first a deformation at high temperature, relaxation, fixing and finally recovery [4][5][6]. SMPs are useful in many domains as medical and biological devices [8,9], smart textile [10,11], tubing and actuating materials and packaging components [12][13][14]. The capacity of SMPs to change shape is generally explained by the presence of at least two different phases with different mechanical properties (hard and soft). Recently different new concepts regarding to certain aspects related to shape memory effect were shown [4][5][6]. We can consider as concept the Property Memory Effect (PME) in which stress-strain tensile tests and both mono and multi-frequency DMA (Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer) tests on virgin and 100% recovered samples of PU (rubber) revealed that the polymer at the end of the shape memory tests regains 100% of its initial form without regaining some of its physical properties like the glass transition temperature, the tensile modulus, the heat expansion coefficient and the free volume fraction. After recovery tests on a stretched sample, the majority of the polymers regain only a certain percentage of their initial shape. The Degree of Shape Memory Effect (DSME) is defined as the percentage of the residual shape. This denotes the Partial Shape Memory Effect (PSME) concept. The successive cyclic tensile tests on partial shape memory polymers (PSMP) show that the DSME increases with the increase of the number of cycles. This test also showed the sha...

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Recent advances in shape memory epoxy resins and composites

Cited by 7 publications

References 65 publications

From the Design of Multifunctional Degradable Epoxy Thermosets to Their End of Life

From the Design of Multifunctional Degradable Epoxy Thermosets to Their End of Life

Segmented linear shape memory polyurethanes with thermoreversible Diels-Alder coupling: Effects of polycaprolactone molecular weight and diisocyanate type

The Residual Stress Effect on the Shape Memory Polymers

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