Recent Advances in Reproductive Biotechnologies in Sheep and Goat

Alexander, B.; Mastromonaco, Gabriela F.; King, W.A.

doi:10.4172/2157-7579.1000101

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The AI is the procedure that involves the mechanical deposition of semen from superior sires (males) in the uterus of an estrus female by a technician for the purpose of conception (Alexander et al, 2010). It is the most widely used biotechnology in animal reproduction both in developed and developing world.…”

Section: Artificial Inseminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AI has many advantages such as reducing the spread of venereal diseases, rapidly increasing genetic merits of animals through selective breeding, elimination of lethal genes from animal herds, insemination of many females with semen from one male (Alexander et al, 2010). The AI also offers a low-cost approach and relatively simple method for dissemination of valuable genes.…”

Section: Artificial Inseminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effective biotechnologies for revolutionalizing the livestock industry in Nigeria after COVID-19 pandemic

Ezekwe¹,

Machebe²,

Uzochukwu³

2021

Agro-Sci.

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COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe health and hunger challenges both in developed and developing economies of the world thereby posing a serious threat to the economies and food security issues particularly of vulnerable regions of the world. Currently in Nigeria, there is a great increase in the market prices of crops and livestock products occasioned by the prevailing clashes between crop farmer and livestock herders. There is thus a huge gap in the demand and supply of available essential agricultural products leading to the high inflation rate being witnessed in the country today. With the current population of over 200 million which is expected to double by 2050, the task of feeding these Nigerians is daunting and very challenging. To overcome these challenges, the livestock industry in Nigeria needs to be transformed accordingly. FAO report of 2019 had advised African livestock producers to work to expand the scope of their operations and to invest in productivity-enhancing technologies in order to meet the growing demands for livestock products. The adoption of biotechnological innovations already available in animal reproduction, nutrition, health and genetics, is a clear pathway to enhance livestock production in Nigeria. The Nigerian Government is expected to play a leading role by providing enabling environment that will make for easy and seamless adoption of these technologies. Nigerian livestock farmers on their part should be ready and willing to embrace these technologies to enhance the productive capacity of their stock as well as improving their own welfare and economic wellbeing. Key words: COVID-19 pandemic, biotechnology, livestock industry, development, Nigeria

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Section: Artificial Inseminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Artificial Inseminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective biotechnologies for revolutionalizing the livestock industry in Nigeria after COVID-19 pandemic

Ezekwe¹,

Machebe²,

Uzochukwu³

2021

Agro-Sci.

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“…The use of biotechnological methods in reproduction management should serve to maximize the reproductive potential of animals. The implementation of these methods requires a profound knowledge about the biological reproductive patterns and, in order to obtain good results, their application should be carried out in animals with optimal health and physical condition (Holtz, 2005;Alexander et al, 2010;Gama and Bressan, 2011;Aksenova et al, 2012;Ajbazov and Seitov, 2013;Skljarov et al, 2015;Choudhary et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction and synchronization of oestrus in sheep and goats

Skliarov¹,

Pérez²,

Petrusha³

et al. 2021

JCEA

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Different methods for oestrus induction and synchronization in domestic small ruminants have been developed.Seasonality and female's status are important factors for choosing the most appropriate treatment. In the case of females during breeding season, prostaglandins can be used since functional corpus luteum must be present in the ovaries, while during non-breeding season females should be treated with progesterone-based treatments, accompanied by equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG), releasing hormones and other compounds. Significant spread of oestrus synchronization during and after the breeding season has been achieved by the use of intravaginal sponges impregnated with synthetic analogues of progesterone. However, the effect of hormonal drugs on the female reproductive system may manifest differently depending on the initial functional state of reproductive organs and the hormonal status, and negative consequences can be observed when drugs are wrongly administered. In addition, insufficient knowledge about the patterns of change in the reactivity of the nervous sexual centers and the corresponding reactions of the body to the administration of hormones reduces their effectiveness, which limits the widespread use. In general, the induction and synchronization of oestrus in small ruminants is an currently important direction of scientific research and an urgent problem of sheep and goat breeding, but the proposed methods require further improvement by reducing the costand increasing biosecurity and predictability of the result.

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“…These techniques allow for the dissemination of germplasm, nationally and internationally, ensuring genetic integrity of livestock populations (Madan, 2005;Alexander et al, 2010;Van Arendonk, 2011;López-Saucedo et al, 2012;Hafez, 2015). The successful application of artificial insemination (AI), considered the most common ART, relies on the use of good quality sperm, with progressive motility, normal morphology and acrosome integrity being the most important criteria to consider when processing sperm samples for this purpose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel flush technique to simulate natural dispersal of spermatozoa in the female reproductive tract and expedite motility assessment of fresh ejaculated Merino (<i>Ovis aries</i>) sperm

Boshoff¹,

Lambrechts²,

Maree³

et al. 2018

SA J. An. Sci.

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Motility is an important criterion in the assessment and quantification of the quality of ejaculated and epididymal sperm samples. Ovine sperm spermatozoa are particularly susceptible to cryodamage, and shortening the interval from collection to cryostorage may potentially minimize the negative effects of cryopreservation, thereby improving the post-thaw viability of ram spermatozoa. The use of the swim-up technique (SUT) in quantifying spermatozoa motility is well documented, especially for the isolation of highly motile spermatozoa for assisted reproductive purposes. However, this technique is time consuming and involves a swim-up period of 10 minutes before the motility of a sample is recorded by using computerassisted sperm analysis (CASA) software such as the Sperm Class Analyser® (SCA®). The novel flush technique (FT) allows for capturing of sperm motility tracks via the SCA® system shortly after semen collection, that is, within a minute. This study compared fresh ejaculated sperm motility traits by using the SUT and FT. Motility evaluations were performed using 45 semen samples obtained from 15 adult Merino rams (Ovis aries) at weekly intervals. Motility recordings were captured at 100 frames per second, using a calibrated 20 µm deep Leja slide. The percentage total motile spermatozoa of samples subjected to the FT was 89.2%, which was significantly higher than that recorded by the SUT (83.9%). The results also indicated that the wobble (WOB) parameter showed significantly higher values when using the FT, and parameters curvilinear velocity (VCL) and amplitude of the lateral head displacement (ALH) indicated significantly higher values when using the SUT. Establishing the ideal spermatozoa concentration and analysis of sperm subpopulation motility characteristics would assist in the optimization of the FT, and its use in CASA motility analysis of ovine spermatozoa. Standardization of CASA analysis of ovine semen samples, which would enable the selection of quality spermatozoa samples for use in field insemination (fresh samples) or in vitro fertilization programs, and laparoscopic AI cryopreserved samples warrants further investigation.

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Recent Advances in Reproductive Biotechnologies in Sheep and Goat

Cited by 9 publications

References 78 publications

Effective biotechnologies for revolutionalizing the livestock industry in Nigeria after COVID-19 pandemic

Effective biotechnologies for revolutionalizing the livestock industry in Nigeria after COVID-19 pandemic

Induction and synchronization of oestrus in sheep and goats

A novel flush technique to simulate natural dispersal of spermatozoa in the female reproductive tract and expedite motility assessment of fresh ejaculated Merino (<i>Ovis aries</i>) sperm

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