Recent Advances in Polymer-based 3D Printing for Wastewater Treatment Application: An Overview

Yusoff, Nurul Husna Mohd; Teo, Lui-Ruen Irene; Phang, Sue Jiun; Wong, Voon Loong; Cheah, Kean How; Lim, Siew Shee

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.132311

Cited by 62 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…Epoxy–amine polyaddition reaction is commonly used to create versatile and tunable thermosets with easy-to-source and tailor prepolymers. − Moreover, the ability to customize both the epoxy prepolymer and the amine hardener used allows the creation of adaptable networks for specific applications. , Due to their excellent thermal and mechanical properties, durability, and flexible nature, there have been several applications for these networks in industrial settings ranging from adhesives, coatings, electronics, automotive, and aerospace to 3D printing applications. − Currently, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) is the most commonly used epoxy prepolymer industrially for thermosetting polymers. , However, DGEBA precursors and derivatives are reported as estrogen and androgen receptor antagonists and thus represent a risk for humans and the environment …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the Design of Novel Tri- and Tetra-Epoxidized Ionic Liquid Monomers to the End-of-Life of Multifunctional Degradable Epoxy Thermosets

Perli

Wylie

Demir

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The design and development of multifunctional epoxy thermosets have recently stimulated continuous research on new degradable epoxy monomers. Herein, tri-and tetra-epoxidized imidazolium monomers were rationally designed with cleavable ester groups and synthesized on a multigram scale (up to 100 g), yielding room-temperature ionic liquids. These monomers were used as molecular building blocks and cured with three primary amine hardeners having different reactivities, leading to six different network architectures. Overall, the resulting epoxy−amine networks exhibit high thermal stability (>350 °C), excellent mechanical properties combined with a shape memory behavior, glass transition temperatures (T g s) from 55 to 120 °C, and complete degradability under mild conditions. In addition, nonpolarizable, all-atom molecular dynamics simulations were applied in order to investigate the molecular interactions during the polyaddition reaction-based polymerization and then to predict the thermomechanical and mechanical properties of the resulting networks. Thus, this work employs computational chemistry, organic synthesis, and material science to develop high-performance as well as environmentally friendly networks to meet the requirements of the circular economy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the Design of Novel Tri- and Tetra-Epoxidized Ionic Liquid Monomers to the End-of-Life of Multifunctional Degradable Epoxy Thermosets

Perli

Wylie

Demir

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent progress in novel technologies using matrix-embedded photocatalytic materials (e.g., TiO 2 ) indicates promising applications including wastewater remediation. 1 However, significant research gaps remain to develop functional photocatalyst−polymer composites and associated processing methods to enable customizable, deployable, and retrievable structures for use in a variety of scenarios (and spatial scales) to treat contaminated environmental media. Therefore, this research focused on developing photocatalysts immobilized in 3D printable thermoplastic polymer composites and evaluated their performance using a complex aqueous mixture of organic contaminant compounds (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs]) sourced from contaminated dredged sediments.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water by 3D Printed TiO₂ Composites

et al. 2021

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Recent progress in developing composites embedded with photocatalysts indicates application for wastewater treatment. However, significant gaps remain in developing effective photocatalyst−polymer composites for use as customizable, deployable, and retrievable structures for mitigating environmental contamination. The goal of this study was to generate and evaluate the performance of 3D printed TiO 2 composites for degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in waters affected by contaminated sediment. Photocatalytic structures were fabricated using polylactic acid (PLA) compounded with TiO 2 nanoparticles as filament feedstock and printed using a benchtop 3D printer. Photocatalysis and photolysis experiments were conducted in controlled environmental chambers under full spectrum light (λ = 280−750 nm). 3D printed PLA-TiO 2 disks increased the degradation kinetics (compared to photolysis) of a complex mixture of 4to 5-ring PAHs achieving nondetectable concentrations within hours to days. The PAH removal rate was relatively rapid, with 3D printed PLA-TiO 2 treatments achieving degradation half-lives within ∼6 to ∼24 h. After 48 h of treatment, both photolysis and photocatalysis eliminated toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia. These data indicate the potential application of 3D printable photocatalytic polymers to mitigate problematic organic constituents in water and highlight the benefits of additive manufacturing to rapidly prototype and optimize innovative structures.

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“…The presence of a substantial number of oxygen functional groups (e.g., carboxyl, carbonyl, epoxy, and hydroxyl groups) on the surface of carbon imparts a negative charge to GO and makes it hydrophilic [ 12 ]. Consequently, GO becomes a highly efficient adsorbent material for eradicating pollutants, such as heavy metals [ 13 ] and methylene blue (MB), a cationic dye, relative to activated carbon [ 12 , 14 ]. However, it is difficult to separate GO from the aquatic environment because of its small particle size and low specific weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Surface Treatment of 3D-Printed PLA Filter for Enhanced Graphene Oxide Doping and Effective Removal of Cationic Dyes

Park

Lee

et al. 2023

Polymers

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The structured adsorption filter material is one of the ways to enhance the practical applicability of powdered adsorbents, which have limitations in the real water treatment process due to difficulty in the separation process. In this study, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology was applied to prepare filter materials for water treatment processes. A 3D-printed graphene-oxide (GO)-based adsorbent is prepared on a polylactic acid (PLA) scaffold. The surface of the PLA scaffold was modified by subjecting it to strong alkaline or organic solvent treatment to enhance GO doping for realizing effective adsorption of cationic dye solutions. When subjected to 95% acetone treatment, the structural properties of PLA changed, and particularly, two main hydrophilic functional groups (carboxylic acids and hydroxyls) were newly formed on the PLA through cleavage of the ester bond of the aliphatic polyester. Owing to these changes, the roughness of the PLA surface increased, and its tensile strength decreased. Meanwhile, its surface was doped mainly with GO, resulting in approximately 75% methylene blue (MB) adsorption on the 3D-printed GO-based PLA filter. Based on the established optimal pretreatment conditions, a kinetic MB sorption study and an isotherm study were conducted to evaluate the 3D-printed GO-based PLA filter. The pseudo-second-order model yielded the best fit, and the MB adsorption was better fitted to the Langmuir isotherm. These results suggested that chemical adsorption was the main driver of the reaction, and monolayer sorption occurred on the adsorbent surface. The results of this study highlight the importance of PLA surface modification in enhancing GO doping and achieving effective MB adsorption in aqueous solutions. Ultimately, this study highlights the potential of using 3D printing technology to fabricate the components required for implementing water treatment processes.

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Recent Advances in Polymer-based 3D Printing for Wastewater Treatment Application: An Overview

Cited by 62 publications

References 183 publications

From the Design of Novel Tri- and Tetra-Epoxidized Ionic Liquid Monomers to the End-of-Life of Multifunctional Degradable Epoxy Thermosets

From the Design of Novel Tri- and Tetra-Epoxidized Ionic Liquid Monomers to the End-of-Life of Multifunctional Degradable Epoxy Thermosets

Photocatalytic Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water by 3D Printed TiO₂ Composites

Facile Surface Treatment of 3D-Printed PLA Filter for Enhanced Graphene Oxide Doping and Effective Removal of Cationic Dyes

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Recent Advances in Polymer-based 3D Printing for Wastewater Treatment Application: An Overview

Cited by 62 publications

References 183 publications

From the Design of Novel Tri- and Tetra-Epoxidized Ionic Liquid Monomers to the End-of-Life of Multifunctional Degradable Epoxy Thermosets

From the Design of Novel Tri- and Tetra-Epoxidized Ionic Liquid Monomers to the End-of-Life of Multifunctional Degradable Epoxy Thermosets

Photocatalytic Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water by 3D Printed TiO2 Composites

Facile Surface Treatment of 3D-Printed PLA Filter for Enhanced Graphene Oxide Doping and Effective Removal of Cationic Dyes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Photocatalytic Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water by 3D Printed TiO₂ Composites