Recent advances in neuromorphic transistors for artificial perception applications

Abstract

Conventional von Neumann architecture is insufficient in establishing artificial intelligence (AI) in terms of energy efficiency, computing in memory and dynamic learning. Delightedly, rapid developments in neuromorphic computing provide a new paradigm to solve this dilemma. Furthermore, neuromorphic devices that can realize synaptic plasticity and neuromorphic function have extraordinary significance for neuromorphic system. A three-terminal neuromorphic transistor is one of the typical representatives. In addition, human body has five senses, including vision, touch, auditory sense, olfactory sense and gustatory sense, providing abundant information for brain. Inspired by the human perception system, developments in artificial perception system will give new vitality to intelligent robots. This review discusses the operation mechanism, function and application of neuromorphic transistors. The latest progresses in artificial perception systems based on neuromorphic transistors are provided. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of artificial perception systems are summarized.

Emerging photoelectric devices for neuromorphic vision applications: principles, developments, and outlooks

“…The performance of optoelectronic devices depends largely on the design of optoelectronic materials [ 58 , 59 ]. Different photosensitive materials have different detection ranges of light.…”

“…It has contributed greatly to the development of functional systems. Research on various functionalized materials is beneficial to promote the development of synaptic bionics, neuromorphic engineering and related artificial intelligence applications [ 58 , 59 ]. To date, a variety of different photoactive materials including MoS 2 , graphene (Gr), carbon nanotubes, metal oxides, organics, halide perovskites, and ferroelectric materials have been investigated for optoelectronic synaptic memristors and transistors [ 23 , 28 , 30 , 32 , 56 , 57 , 60–67 ].…”

Flexibly Photo-Regulated Brain-Inspired Functions in Flexible Neuromorphic Transistors

“…Consequently, it is desirable to devise a three-terminal platform with the real-time signal monitoring and regulation and the smooth memristive responses. To date, the organic transistor memory has spawned numerous studies, − part of which concerns the effective, flexible role of light input in modulating the device properties, including enhancement of charge storage, enlargement of the memory window, and improvement in the response rate. − In charging-based organic transistor devices, the floating gates referring to charge trapping medium mainly include discrete nano-floating gates (e.g., metal nanoparticles, quantum dots, ion-gel membrane, rod–coil molecules, and 2D materials) and continuous polymer electrets. − Besides, rechargeable polymer electrets with low-temperature and large-area solution processability have significant advantages over morphology-dependent nano-floating gates for flexible synaptic transistors.…”

Stretchable, skin‐conformable neuromorphic system for tactile sensory recognizing and encoding

“…Neural encoding and learning are performed in the processes of collaborating and handling external information. Inspired by biological systems, neuromorphic electronics have been developed to rebuild and enhance intelligent functions, 4 such as tactile perception, 5,6 artificial olfactory, 7,8 image recognition, 9,10 auditory communications, 11,12 and neuromorphic computing 13,14 …”