Recent Advances in Modelling Geodetic Time Series and Applications for Earth Science and Environmental Monitoring

Abstract

Geodesy is the science of accurately measuring the topography of the earth (geometric shape and size), its orientation in space, and its gravity field. With the advances in our knowledge and technology, this scientific field has extended to the understanding of geodynamical phenomena such as crustal motion, tides, and polar motion. This Special Issue is dedicated to the recent advances in modelling geodetic time series recorded using various instruments. Due to the stochastic noise properties inherent in each of the time series, careful modelling is necessary in order to extract accurate geophysical information with realistic associated uncertainties (statistically sufficient). The analyzed data have been recorded with various space missions or ground-based instruments. It is impossible to be comprehensive in the vast and dynamic field that is Geodesy, particularly so-called “Environmental Geodesy”, which intends to understand the Earth’s geodynamics by monitoring any changes in our environment. This field has gained much attention in the past two decades due to the need by the international community to understand how climate change modifies our environment. Therefore, this Special Issue collects some articles which emphasize the recent development of specific algorithms or methodologies to study particular natural phenomena related to the geodynamics of the earth’s crust and climate change.

A review on how Big Data can help to monitor the environment and to mitigate risks due to climate change

“…Rockfall event image recorded by the integrated camera of the rockfall radar system at the town of Brienz/Binzauls in the canton of Graubünden captured on September 18, 2018. Courtesy of GEOPREVENT -part of Hexagon by logistical and economic constraints [17], especially in expansive, isolated, and difficult terrains.…”

Selection of noise models for GNSS coordinate time series based on model averaging algorithm

“…In recent years, an increasing number of newly built GNSS sites have been put into operation as well, these GNSS sites provide valuable basic data for scientific research. Currently, high-precision GNSS time series obtained through GNSS observations processing are widely used by researchers in scientific research in fields such as geophysics, geology, seismology, geodynamics and atmospheric and marine physics [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], as well as in infrastructure construction fields such as monitoring of dams, bridges, and tunnels [13,14].…”

Comparative analysis of PCS and ICA on trend estimation of sea-level change from tide gauge observations

“…A meticulous approach is essential, requiring careful modeling of diverse processes (e.g., seasonal variations) and considering the temporally correlated noises intrinsic to these measurements. These noises can impact the analysis of various time series, including geodetic time series (Burgette et al, 2013;He et al, 2017;He et al, 2022a;Montillet and Bos, 2019), particularly affecting observations recorded by TG.…”