Recent advances in mixing rods

Cassarly, William J.

doi:10.1117/12.797748

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The light mixing effect of a light rod is related to its shape of the cross section [11]. Shapes that allow for a 'mirror fit', such as squares and regular hexagons, tend to produce superior light mixing effects [12].…”

Section: Design Of the Light Mixing Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of multi-spectral LED lighting system with high color uniformity for microscopic imaging

Li¹,

Dong²,

Zhang³

2023

Laser Phys.

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Multi-spectral imaging is commonly used in biomedical field to detect and recognize targets, which are in a low contrast with their background. Highly integrated multichannel light-emitting diode (LED) devices enable tuning the spectral contents of the illumination in an accurate and compact fashion, and hence make multi-spectral lighting more easily achievable even in a microscope. Besides the light source, the light mixing system is also a key to realize it. Existing light mixing devices available for multi-spectral LED lighting systems are both costly to manufacture and intricate in design, making them a challenging solution to create. This work proposes a design of multi-spectral lighting system for microscopic imaging, which can achieve a high uniformity in the effective area of illumination in terms of both the illuminance and chromaticity. Simulation results first demonstrate that the designed lighting system consisting of two rods, both containing a frosted emitting surface, managed to reduce the non-uniformity to less than 0.05 for both the illuminance and chromaticity. Experiments with a real prototype show highly uniformly illuminated microscopic images of tissue section samples. Moreover, the pathogenic fungi in the infected tissue section samples can be highlighted by the superposition of multi-spectral images. These experimental results indicate that the designed multi-spectral LED lighting system can improve the quality of microscopic imaging in terms of the illumination and image contrast.

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Section: Design Of the Light Mixing Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of multi-spectral LED lighting system with high color uniformity for microscopic imaging

Li¹,

Dong²,

Zhang³

2023

Laser Phys.

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“…A back reflector will direct the light from this lamp into the mixing rod. 8 A groundglass diffuser may be placed at the entrance of the mixing rod to increase the randomization of the light entering the rod.…”

Section: Radiometric Stability Monitormentioning

confidence: 99%

The enhanced MODIS airborne simulator hyperspectral imager

Guerin

Fisher

Graham

2011

Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XVII

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The EMAS-HS or Enhanced MODIS Airborne Simulator is an upgrade to the solar reflected and thermal infrared channels of NASA's MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS). In the solar reflected bands, the MAS scanner functionality will be augmented with the addition of this separate pushbroom hyperspectral instrument. As well as increasing the spectral resolution of MAS beyond 10 nm, this spectrometer is designed to maintain a stable calibration that can be transferred to the existing MAS sensor. The design emphasizes environmental control and on-board radiometric stability monitoring. The system is designed for high-altitude missions on the ER-2 and the Global Hawk platforms. System trades optimize performance in MODIS spectral bands that support land, cloud, aerosol, and atmospheric water studies. The primary science mission driving the development is high altitude cloud imaging, with secondary missions possible for ocean color.The sensor uses two Offner spectrometers to cover the 380-2400 nm spectral range. It features an all-reflective telescope with a 50° full field-of-view. A dichroic cold mirror will split the image from the telescope, with longer radiation transmitted to the SWIR spectrometer. The VNIR spectrometer uses a TE-cooled Si CCD detector that samples the spectrum at 2.5 nm intervals, while the SWIR spectrometer uses a Stirling-cooled hybrid HgCdTe detector to sample the spectrum at 10 nm per band. Both spectrometers will feature 1.05 mRad instantaneous fields-of-view registered to the MAS scanner IFOV's.

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“…The length of the light spot corresponding to 10% of the measured maximum intensity is 0.37 mm, its diameter is 0.11 mm. As a comparison, the penetration depth in LYSO:Ce (density: 7.1 g/cm 3 [31]) is 0.16 mm for 511 keV energy electrons, according to Potts' empirical formula [28] (i.e. a free electron can excite further electrons only in this length scale).…”

Section: Properties Of the Uv Excited Fluorescent Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Otherwise the position uncertainty will influence the results. Long and narrow scintillator pixels provide a proper solution since they act as a homogenizer for the optical photons [31], see figure 12. So that the light distribution at the exit aperture, and the number of detected photons are not dependent upon the POI, we must ensure that the spot of excitation is far enough from the sensor side.…”

Section: Calibration Of Excitation Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma-photon equivalent UV excitation of LYSO:Ce scintillator material

et al. 2015

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In positron emission tomography (PET) slab scintillator crystals based detector modules are subject of intensive research, because all the three coordinates of the scintillation (point of interaction, POI) can be determined by them. Experimental evaluation of these detectors is done by using collimated γ-radiation where only two of the three spatial coordinates can be controlled. Alternatively, highly-detailed simulations can be used to evaluate detector performance as a function of POI, but their validation requires again experimental techniques. We propose a model validation method based on point-like, UV excitation of LYSO:Ce scintillators. The excited fluorescent pulses are identical in many respects to a scintillation excited by γ-photons. We discuss the details of our γ equivalent UV excitation arrangement, as well as compare the characteristics of the resulting fluorescence to those of scintillation light.

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Recent advances in mixing rods

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Design of multi-spectral LED lighting system with high color uniformity for microscopic imaging

Design of multi-spectral LED lighting system with high color uniformity for microscopic imaging

The enhanced MODIS airborne simulator hyperspectral imager

Gamma-photon equivalent UV excitation of LYSO:Ce scintillator material

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