Recent Advances in Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Functionalization of 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles

Abstract

: Triazoles are five-membered aromatic heterocyclics, which could exist in two isosteric forms (1,2,3-triazoles and 1,2,4-triazoles) presenting huge applications in medicinal, agricultural, supramolecular and materials sciences. The drugs fluconazole, ribavirin, cefatrizine and tazobactam, and the herbicides cafenstrole and metosulam are famous examples of triazoles. The aim of this review is to present the main recent examples of Microwave-Assisted Organic Synthesis (MAOS) applied for the synthesis end functionalization of 1,4- and 1,5-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles, 1,2,4-triazoles, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazoles, 1,2,4-triazol-3-one and 1,2,4-triazol-3-thiol derivatives. Worth of noting, despite some previous reviews about triazole synthesis, none of them focused exclusively on the importance of MAOS technic in the obtention and derivatization of these compounds.

Synergistic Effects of Anticancer Drug Delivered via Nanoporous Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks: Implications for Tumor Therapy

“…The synthesis process of TBHPC is on the basis of condensation, cyclization, and esterification reactions (Figure 1a). In order to confirm the product of TBHPC, highresolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) (Figure S1), 1 H NMR spectroscopy (Figure S2), and 13 C NMR spectroscopy (Figure S3) were characterized. For the visualization of its microstructure, the TBHPC crystal grows in an acetonitrile solution at room temperature.…”

“…The introduction of trifluoromethyl (−CF 3 ) with high electronegativity will increase the polarity of the molecule, and have a certain positive effect on biological activity. The introduction of trifluoromethyl into 1,2,4-triazole compounds can adjust their physical and chemical properties, enhancing their lipid solubility and improving their bioavailability . Thus, such drugs may give new biological activity.…”

“…The introduction of trifluoromethyl into 1,2,4-triazole compounds can adjust their physical and chemical properties, enhancing their lipid solubility and improving their bioavailability. 13 Thus, such drugs may give new biological activity.…”