Recent Advances in Imported Malaria Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

Weiland, Anastasia S.

doi:10.1007/s40138-023-00264-5

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Rapid diagnostic testing was also conducted for malaria detection. 19 , 20 Dried blood spot (DBS) samples were collected for molecular screening of Plasmodium species.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Characteristics of Plasmodium vivax Gametocytes in Duffy-Positive and Duffy-Negative Populations across Ethiopia

Little,

Shenkutie,

Negash

et al. 2024

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Plasmodium parasites replicate asexually in human hosts. The proportion of infections that carries gametocytes is a proxy for human-to-mosquito transmissibility. It is unclear which proportion of Plasmodium vivax infections in Duffy-negative populations carries gametocytes. We determined the prevalence and characteristics of P. vivax gametocytes in Duffy-positive and -negative populations across broad regions of Ethiopia. Finger-prick blood samples were collected for microscopic and molecular screening of Plasmodium parasites and Duffy status of individuals. Molecular screening of Plasmodium species and Duffy blood group genotyping was done using SYBR green and the Taqman quantitative polymerase chain reaction method. Of the 447 febrile patients who were shown to be P. vivax smear positive, 414 (92.6%) were confirmed by molecular screening as P. vivax and 16 (3.9%) of them were from Duffy-negative individuals. Of these, 5 of 16 (31.3%) Duffy-negative P. vivax–infected samples were detected with gametocytes. Of the 398 Duffy-positive P. vivax–infected samples, 150 (37.7%) were detected with gametocytes, slightly greater than that in Duffy-negative samples. This study highlights the presence of P. vivax gametocytes in Duffy-negative infections, suggestive of human-to-mosquito transmissibility. Although P. vivax infections in Duffy-negative individuals were commonly associated with low parasitemia, some of these infections were shown to have relatively high parasitemia and may represent a prominent erythrocyte invasion capability of P. vivax, and hidden reservoirs that can contribute to transmission. A better understanding of P. vivax transmission biology and gametocyte function particularly in Duffy-negative populations would aid future treatment and management of P. vivax malaria in Africa.

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“…Rapid diagnostic testing was also conducted for malaria detection. 19 , 20 Dried blood spot (DBS) samples were collected for molecular screening of Plasmodium species.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Characteristics of Plasmodium vivax Gametocytes in Duffy-Positive and Duffy-Negative Populations across Ethiopia

Little,

Shenkutie,

Negash

et al. 2024

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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show abstract

“…P. falciparum is one of the leading causes of malaria infection and associated mortality and morbidity. 1 Severity of infection depends upon the host-pathogen interactions and the immune status of the host. A conserved catabolic process called macroautophagy/autophagy involves the degradation and sequestration of cytosolic components in the lysosomes through the autophagosomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oleuropein activates autophagy to circumvent anti-plasmodial defense

Sharma,

Tandel,

Kumar

et al. 2024

iScience

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Prevalence and characteristics ofPlasmodium vivaxGametocytes in Duffy-positive and Duffy-negative populations across Ethiopia

Little,

Shenkutie,

Negash

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Plasmodiumparasites replicate asexually in the human host. The proportion of infections that carries gametocytes is a proxy for human-to-mosquito transmissibility. It is unclear what proportion ofP. vivaxinfections in Duffy-negatives carries gametocytes. This study aims to determine the prevalence ofP. vivaxin Duffy-negatives across broad regions of Ethiopia and characterize parasite stages. Finger-prick blood samples were collected for microscopic and molecular screening ofPlasmodiumparasites and Duffy status of individuals. Molecular screening of plasmodium species and Duffy blood group genotyping was done using SYBR green and Taqman qPCR method. Among the total 447 samples, 414 (92.6%) wereP.vivaxconfirmed and, 16 (3.9%) of them were from Duffy-negatives. Of these, 5/16 (31.3%) Duffy-negativeP.vivax-infected samples were detected with gametocytes. Of the 398 Duffy-positiveP.vivax-infected samples, 150 (37.7%) were detected with gametocytes, slightly higher than that in Duffy-negatives. This study highlights the presence ofP. vivaxgametocytes in Duffy-negative infections, suggestive of human-to-mosquito transmissibility. AlthoughP. vivaxinfections in Duffy-negatives are commonly associated with low parasitemia, some of these infections were shown with relatively high parasitemia and may represent better erythrocyte invasion capability ofP. vivaxand hidden reservoirs that can contribute to transmission. A better understanding ofP. vivaxtransmission biology and gametocyte function particularly in Duffy-negative populations would aid future treatment and management of vivax malaria in Africa

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Recent Advances in Imported Malaria Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

Cited by 3 publications

References 79 publications

Prevalence and Characteristics of Plasmodium vivax Gametocytes in Duffy-Positive and Duffy-Negative Populations across Ethiopia

Prevalence and Characteristics of Plasmodium vivax Gametocytes in Duffy-Positive and Duffy-Negative Populations across Ethiopia

Oleuropein activates autophagy to circumvent anti-plasmodial defense

Prevalence and characteristics ofPlasmodium vivaxGametocytes in Duffy-positive and Duffy-negative populations across Ethiopia

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