Recent Advances in Graphene-like 2D Materials for Spintronics Applications

Abstract

For the progressive development of spintronics as the next generation information technology source, it is essential to look for materials with high abundance, long spin lifetime, easy manipulation of spin current, and temperature/strain resistivity of spin properties. In this respect, the main group based two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors are systems of immense research interest in the field of spintronic devices for their novel characteristics and notable application in spintronics nanotechnology. The discovery of graphene set off the journey of 2D materials, and many of them have been identified as potential candidates for spintronics applications owing to their extraordinary properties and atomically thin structures. Since the last few decades, several theoretical and experimental reports agreed with the novel chemistry between 2D materials and nanoscale spintronic devices. This review highlights the most progressive and important theoretical and experimental studies of main group based 2D spintronics reported until present which have contributed to inspiring new spintronic devices and have given direction for further development. We have systematically discussed the main group based 2D spintronic materials in the two categories of metal incorporated and metal-free systems. Besides, vital focus is given to the useful theoretical techniques for spintronics studies and suitable designing of spintronic materials and devices. We have also briefly discussed the past, present, and future perspective of spintronic devices.

An intrinsic room-temperature half-metallic ferromagnet in a metal-free PN2 monolayer

“…1 Recent developments in spintronics have intensified the need for materials with complete spin-polarization, long spin relaxation time, high earth abundance, high Curie temperature ( T C ), and robust ferromagnetic ground states. 2 Since the successful preparation and practical exploration of two-dimensional (2D) graphene, studies of metal-free main group based 2D materials with novel half-metallicity have been leading to a new concept of metal-free half-metallic ferromagnets (MFHMFs), which fulfill the demand of modern spintronics. 2,3 MFHMFs possess fundamental half-metallic characteristics, i.e.…”

Ising ferromagnetism and robust half-metallicity in two-dimensional honeycomb-kagome Cr2O3 layer

“…In contrast to the current research, which is mainly focused on the 2D graphene and transition metal dichalcogenide-like structures [10][11][12][13][14] , very few atomically thin metal oxides [15][16][17] and hydroxides 18 have been synthesized to date. Experimental study of 2D magnetic layers shows the Cr-based layers have FM state with large spin magnetic moment (≥3 μ B ) 19 .…”

Nickel-adsorbed two-dimensional Nb2C MXene for enhanced energy storage applications

“…Two-dimensional (2-D) materials, due to their ionintercalation and various properties, have gained much attention for energy storage applications. [5][6][7] Several new members of the 2-D materials family have been discovered such as hexagonal boron nitride, 8 graphene, 9 metal chalcogenides, 10 SnO 2 , 11 SnO 2 /SnS 2 , 12 MoS 2 , 13 cobalt selenide 14 and quite a lot more. However, in electrode applications, 2-D materials show certain drawbacks such as low conductivity, narrow interlayer spacing, and hydrophobic nature.…”